Table 3.
Quantitative description of adverse drug events (ADEs)
| Pre-stage (n = 168) | Post-stage (n = 243) | Total (n = 411) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients affected by ADEs | 13 (7.7%) | 23 (9.4%) | 36 |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 1 (0.6%) | 8 (3.3%) | 9 |
| Female | 12 (7%) | 15 (6.1%) | 27 |
| Age, years | |||
| > 65 | 1 (0.6%) | 2 (0.8%) | 3 |
| ≤ 65 | 12 (7%) | 21 (8.6%) | 33 |
| Clinical severity of ADEs | |||
| Low | 10 (5.9%) | 15 (6.1%) | 25 |
| Moderate | 3 (1.7%) | 8 (3.2%) | 11 |
| Preventability of ADEs | |||
| Preventable | 6 (3.5%) | 10 (4.1%) | 16 |
| Non-preventable | 7 (4.1%) | 13 (5.3%) | 20 |
| Medication classes associated with ADEs | |||
| Anti-infective | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Blood and blood-forming organs | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Skin | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Respiratory system | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Gastrointestinal system (laxative) | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Nervous system | 1 | 6 | 7 |
| Antiepileptics | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Analgesics, opioid | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Analgesics, non-opioid | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Antipsychotics | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Antidepressants | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Cardiovascular system | 9 | 13 | 22 |
| Diuretics | 3 | 8 | 11 |
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| Antithrombotic, antiplatelet drugs | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Calcium-channel blockers | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Beta-adrenoceptor blockers | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Angiotensin receptor antagonists | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Antithrombotic, factor Xa inhibitor | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Most common symptoms of ADEs | |||
| Reduced renal function, or acute kidney injury | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| Oedema or swelling | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| Diarrhoea | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| Uncontrolled blood pressure (high or low) | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| Drowsiness or dizziness | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Bold values indicate the total number for this category
ADEs adverse drug events