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. 2023 Jul 25;42(3):725–740. doi: 10.1007/s10555-023-10127-w

Table 1.

Overview of oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNAs in PDAC

miRNA Role Target(s) Study Downstream effect(s) Main preclinical model(s) Ref.
miR-21 OncomiR PDCD4, TIMP3, PTEN

In clinical samples,

in vitro and in vivo

 Enhanced proliferation, progression of cell cycle, metastasis and gemcitabine resistance Human PDAC cell lines, tissues and PDAC xenograft mouse models. Additional studies are detailed in the Table 2 [26, 27]
miR-155 OncomiR TP53INP1, SOCS1

In clinical samples,

in vitro and in vivo

 Enhanced tumor growth, invasion and migration and exosome-mediated resistance Human PDAC cell lines (PANC-1, PATU8988, MIA PaCa-2, PSN1); PANC-1 subcutaneous xenograft model in NOD/SCID mice [28, 29]
miR-10a-5p OncomiR TFAP2C

In clinical samples,

in vitro and in vivo

 Enhanced migration, invasion and metastasis Human PDAC cell lines (AsPC-1, BxPC-3, MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1, Su86); PDAC subcutaneous xenograft model in BALB/c mice [30]
miR-10b OncomiR TIP30

In clinical samples,

in vitro and in vivo

 Increased EGF levels, invasiveness and metastasis Human PDAC cell lines (COLO-357, PANC-1, AsPC-1, T3M4; MIA PaCa-2, BxPc-3); T3M4 orthotopic model in athymic mice [31–33]
miR-342-3p OncomiR KLF6

In clinical samples,

in vitro and in vivo

 Pro-survival and gemcitabine resistance

Human PDAC cell lines (PANC-1, MiaPaCa-2) and pancreatic ductal immortalized cells (HPDE6c7);

xenograft model in athymic mice

 [34]
miR-296-5p OncomiR BOK

In clinical samples,

in vitro

 Decreased apoptosis, enhanced metastasis and chemoresistance to gemcitabine and 5FU Human PDAC cell lines (PANC-1, MIA PaCa-2, PK-1, PK-8, PK-45 H) [35]
miR-17-5p OncomiR RBL2, Bim, beclin-1 In vitro and in vivo Decreased apoptosis and chemoresistance to gemcitabine and paclitaxel Human PDAC cell lines (AsPC-1, BxPC-3, HPDE6c7, MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1, CFPAC-1) and their xenograft models in athymic mice [36–39]
miR-181b-5p OncomiR ATM In vitro Modulation of DDR and resistance to FOLFIRINOX Human PDAC cell lines (PANC-1, SUIT2) and primary cultures (PDAC3) [40]
miR-211 Ts-miR RRM2

In clinical samples,

in vitro

 Increased antiproliferative effects of gemcitabine Human PDAC cell lines, primary cultures and subclones of human PDAC SUIT2 cells (SUIT2-007, SUIT2-028) [41, 42]
miR-34a Ts-miR Bcl2, Notch 1/2

In clinical samples,

In vitro and in vivo

 Inhibition of PDAC stem cell renewal Human PDAC cells (MiaPaCa-2 and BxPC3); MIA PaCa-2 subcutaneous xenografts in athymic NCr-nu/nu nude mice [43–45]
miR-146a-5p Ts-miR TRAF6 In vitro and in vivo Suppression of PDAC cell proliferation and increased sensitivity to gemcitabine Human PDAC cells (Capan-1, MiaPaCa-2, BxPC-3, SW199, PANC-1) and xenografts in BALB/c mice [46]
miR-30a-5p Ts-miR FOXD1 In vitro and in vivo Increased sensitivity to gemcitabine Human PDAC cell lines (Panc-1, BxPC-3, MiaPaCa-2), and HPDE6c7; BxPC-3 subcutaneous xenograft in athymic mice [47]
miR-125a-5p Ts-miR Fyn In vitro Increased antitumor effects and suppression of EMT Human PDAC cell lines (PATU8988 T, PANC-1) [48]
miR-216b Ts-miR ROCK1 In vitro Inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion Human PDAC cell lines (PANC-1, Bxpc-3, Sw1990, Aspc-1) and HPDE6c7 [49]

Abbreviations: 5FU, 5-fluorouracil; ATM, ataxia telangiectasia mutated; bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2; Bim, bcl-2-like protein 11; BOK, bcl-2 related ovarian killer; FOXD1, forkhead box d1; KLF6, Krüppel-like factor 6; Notch1/2, neurogenic locus notch homolog protein ½; PDCD4, programmed cell death protein 4; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog; RBL2, retinoblastoma-like protein 2; ROCK1, rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 1; RRM2, ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase subunit M2; SOCS1, suppressor of cytokine signaling 1; TFAP2C, transcription factor AP-2 gamma; TIMP3, metalloproteinase inhibitor 3; TIP30, Tat-interacting protein 30; TP53INP1, tumor protein p53 inducible nuclear protein 1; TRAF6, TNF receptor-associated factor 6