Table 1.

Overview of gangliosides expressed and shed by different tumor types

Cancer type	Gangliosides	Refs
Tumors of the central nervous system (glioblastoma, neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma)	GM3, GM2, GM1, GD3, GD2, GD1a	[9, 25, 30–40]
Melanoma	GM3, GD3, GD2, GM1	[9, 41–44]
Breast cancer	GM3, GD3, GD2, GD1a, GD1b, GT1b, GQ1b	[9, 45–47]
Lung cancer	GM3, GD3, GM2, GD2, (fucosyl-)GM1	[16, 48–51]
Ovarian cancer	GD3, GD1a	[52, 53]
Renal carcinoma	GM3, GM2	[54, 55]
Colorectal cancer	GM3, GM1, GD1a	[56, 57]
Leukemias	GM3, GD3	[58, 59]
Pancreatic cancer	GM2	[60]
Hepatocellular carcinoma	GM3, GM2, GD3	[61–63]