Table 1.
Patient demographic and clinic-radiological information.
| Number of patients | |
|---|---|
| Female: Male | 142 (36.1 %): 190 (63.9 %) |
| Age (years) | 47.81 ± 16.86 |
| Diagnosis | |
| Spondylolisthesis | 35 (10.5 %) |
| Disc herniation | 68 (20.5 %) |
| Spinal stenosis | 129 (38.9 %) |
| Normal | 100 (30.1 %) |
| Intervertebral disc degeneration based on the Pfirrmann score [10] | |
| L1-L2 | |
| Grade I | 193 (58.1 %) |
| Grade II | 123 (37 %) |
| Grade III | 16 (4.9 %) |
| L2-L3 | |
| Grade I | 165 (49.7 %) |
| Grade II | 136 (41 %) |
| Grade III | 30 (9 %) |
| Grade IV | 1 (0.3 %) |
| L3-L4 | |
| Grade I | 120 (36.1 %) |
| Grade II | 135 (40.7 %) |
| Grade III | 64 (19.3 %) |
| Grade IV | 13 (3.9 %) |
| L4-L5 | |
| Grade I | 58 (17.5 %) |
| Grade II | 87 (26.2 %) |
| Grade III | 124 (37.3 %) |
| Grade IV | 54 (16.3 %) |
| Grade V | 9 (2.7 %) |
| L5-S1 | |
| Grade I | 55 (16.6 %) |
| Grade II | 92 (27.7 %) |
| Grade III | 99 (29.8 %) |
| Grade IV | 68 (20.5 %) |
| Grade V | 18 (5.4 %) |
| VAS LBP | 4.42 ± 1.81 |
| ODI | 25.46 ± 10.70 |
VAS: Visual Analogue Scale; LBP: low back pain; ODI: Oswestry Disability Index.
Continuous data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD). Dichotomous data are presented as numbers and percentages.