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. 2023 Oct 5;10:1267839. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1267839

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Copyright © 2023 Monchaux de Oliveira, Morael, Guille, Amadieu, Vancassel, Gaudout, Capuron, Pourtau and Castanon.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of oral saffron extract administration (6.25 mg/kg) and LPS-induced changes of brain concentrations of monoamines and their metabolites (830 μg/kg, ip). (A) Levels of monoamines (DA, 5-HT) and their metabolites (DOPAC, HVA and 5-HIAA; nmoles/g of tissue) measured in the FCx, STR and HPC 24 h after the LPS challenge. Relative gene expression plotted as foldchanges normalized to the control group (baseline = 1) of Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), Monoamine Oxidase-A (MAO-A) and MAO-B measured in the (B) FCx, (C) STR, and (D) HPC. Results are shown as mean ± SEM. nd: not detectable. ^* p ≤ 0.05, ^** p ≤ 0.01, ^*** p ≤ 0.001 vs. Control; ^# p ≤ 0.05, ^## p ≤ 0.01 vs. LPS; ^$ p ≤ 0.05, ^$$ p ≤ 0.01, ^$$$ p ≤ 0.001 global LPS effect.