Figure 3.

Role of vagus nerve in communication between central nervous system and microbiota Vagus nerve afferent fibers can sense the stimulation of microbial components through gut endocrine cells (GEC). The Central Autonomous Neural Network (CAN) can transmit signals from vagus nerve afferent fibers to the CNS. The inflammatory response further stimulates efferent fibers. On the contrary, vagus nerve efferent fibers reduce digestive inflammation, reduce intestinal permeability, and indirectly regulate the composition of gut microbiota through tight junction reinforcement.