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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Hepatol. 2023 Jun 20;79(4):1025–1036. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.05.045

Fig. 1. DRANs are recruited to the biliary epithelium.

Fig. 1.

(A) Immunofluorescence of MPO and KRT7 in liver sections of patients with ALD, NASH, HCV, HBV and PBC. Scale bar: 100 μm. (B) Immunofluorescence of DRANs (MPO) at biliary epithelium (KRT7) in hepatic biopsies of patients with ALD. Percentage of MPO+ cells at periportal areas and minimum distance of MPO+ cells to KRT7+ cells. Scale bar: 100 μm. (C) Clearing of 3 mm-liver section of a patient with cirrhosis. Arrows show neutrophils (MPO) attached to biliary cells (KRT7). (D) SD-IVM images of periportal and central areas in DDC-treated mice. (E) 3D-reconstruction of neutrophils (Ly6G) recruited to the biliary epithelium (EpCAM) in mice treated with DDC for 1 week. (F) SD-IVM images of DDC-treated mouse showing the progression of neutrophil (Ly6G) recruitment to ductular reaction (EpCAM). All data is presented as mean ± SEM. *p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001 as determined by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (B, F). AH, alcohol-related hepatitis; ALD, alcohol-related liver disease; CH, cirrhosis; DDC, 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine; DRANs, ductular reaction-associated neutrophils; EpCAM, epithelial cell adhesion molecule; FOV, field of view; KRT, cytokeratin; Ly6G, lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus G6D; MPO, myeloperoxidase; NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; PBC, primary biliary cholangitis; SD-IVM, spinning-disk confocal intravital microscopy.