Table 2. Baseline Characteristics of Patients With CIED Infection According to Extraction.
| Characteristic | Patientsa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No extraction within 30 d (n = 9202) | Extraction at <7 d (n = 1511) | Extraction at 7-30 d (n = 591) | P value | |
| Age at infection, median (IQR), y | 75.0 (67.0-82.0) | 75.0 (68.0-81.0) | 75.0 (66.0-80.0) | .06 |
| Age group at infection, y | ||||
| <65 | 1941 (21.1) | 300 (19.9) | 139 (23.5) | <.001 |
| 65 to <75 | 2512 (27.3) | 447 (29.6) | 153 (25.9) | |
| 75 to <85 | 3227 (35.1) | 565 (37.4) | 229 (38.7) | |
| ≥85 | 1522 (16.5) | 199 (13.2) | 70 (11.8) | |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 3852 (41.9) | 478 (31.6) | 175 (29.6) | <.001 |
| Male | 5350 (58.1) | 1033 (68.4) | 416 (70.4) | |
| Race | ||||
| Black | 1554 (16.9) | 159 (10.5) | 60 (10.2) | <.001 |
| White | 6941 (75.4) | 1278 (84.6) | 503 (85.1) | |
| Otherb | 707 (7.7) | 74 (4.9) | 28 (4.7) | |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Dementia | 1213 (13.2) | 111 (7.3) | 48 (8.1) | <.001 |
| Diabetes | 6478 (70.4) | 889 (58.8) | 357 (60.4) | <001 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 8411 (91.4) | 1345 (89.0) | 524 (88.7) | .002 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 6215 (67.5) | 817 (54.1) | 327 (55.3) | <.001 |
| Congestive heart failure | 8081 (87.8) | 1261 (83.5) | 484 (81.9) | <.001 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 4984 (54.2) | 662 (43.8) | 267 (45.2) | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 9072 (98.6) | 1471 (97.4) | 572 (96.8) | <.001 |
| COPD | 6616 (71.9) | 973 (64.4) | 400 (67.7) | <.001 |
| Kidney disease | 6869 (74.6) | 820 (54.3) | 311 (52.6) | <.001 |
| Stroke or TIA | 3468 (37.7) | 415 (27.5) | 170 (28.8) | <.001 |
| Myocardial infarction | 4310 (46.8) | 700 (46.3) | 292 (49.4) | .43 |
| Cancer | 2318 (25.2) | 347 (23.0) | 157 (26.6) | .12 |
| Valvular heart disease | 7565 (82.2) | 1147 (75.9) | 441 (74.6) | <.001 |
| Device type | ||||
| CRTD or CRTP | 1354 (14.7) | 277 (18.3) | 100 (16.9) | <.001 |
| Pacemaker | 5247 (57.0) | 723 (47.8) | 271 (45.9) | |
| ICD | 2601 (28.3) | 511 (33.8) | 220 (37.2) | |
| Geographic region | ||||
| Midwest | 2155 (23.4) | 389 (25.7) | 151 (25.5) | .03 |
| Northeast | 1719 (18.7) | 242 (16.0) | 85 (14.4) | |
| South | 3865 (42.0) | 650 (43.0) | 261 (44.2) | |
| West or other | 1463 (15.9) | 230 (15.2) | 94 (15.9) | |
| Dual Medicaid eligibility | 3522 (38.3) | 443 (29.3) | 182 (30.8) | <.001 |
| Time since device implantation, median (IQR), y | 2.9 (1.8-4.9) | 3.2 (1.8-5.6) | 3.5 (2.1-5.8) | <.001 |
| Claims-based frailty indicator | 3606 (39.2) | 411 (27.2) | 159 (26.9) | <.001 |
| Frailty index score, median (IQR) | 0.2 (0.1-0.4) | 0.2 (0.1-0.3) | 0.2 (0.1-0.3) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: CIED, cardiac implantable electronic device; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRTD, cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator; CRTP, cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker; ICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillator; TIA, transient ischemic attack.
a
Data are presented as the number (percentage) of patients unless otherwise indicated.
b
Included Asian, Hispanic, North American Native, unknown, and other (not broken down further due to small cell sizes and complying with the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services cell suppression policy).