Table 3.
List of selected differentially expressed genes from mouse whole genome microarray analysis.
| Gene name | Protein | Protein function | fold change | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Up-regulated genes | ||||
| Mmp14 | matrix metalloproteinase 14 | resorption | 75.7 | 0.0056 |
| MMP12 | matrix metallopeptidase 12 | invasion | 65.1 | 0.0051 |
| Gstt1 | gluthation-S-transferase theta1 | promotes osteoclast differentiation | 45.9 | 1.12896815884778E-05 |
| Traf1 | TNF receptor associated factor 1 | RANK signaling to NFκB | 14.4 | 2.89036713230217E-07 |
| Mmp9 | matrix metalloproteinase 9 | resorption | 47 | 1 E–6 |
| Apc2 | adenomatous polyposis coli protein 2 | activates Rho GTPase | 15.9 | 0.5 E–3 |
| Col2 | collagen type 2 cleavage | resorption | 15.8 | 0.0085 |
| Ccl2 | monocyte chemo attractant protein 1 | osteoclastogenesis | 15.2 | 0.005 |
| Src | proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase | cell adhesion | 8.7 | 0.011 |
| Camk2d | calcium calmodulin dependent protein kinase 2 delta | regulates calcium and Na + influx | 7.8 | 0.03 |
| Atp6v0d2 | vacuolar proton pump | acid production | 5.3 | 7.84839173536556E-05 |
| NFκB | nuclear factor kappa B | growth and differentiation | 3.5 | 0.03 |
| Ctsk | cathepsin K | resorption | 2.8 | 8 E–09 |
| Acp5 | tartrate resistant acid phosphatase | resorption | 2.3 | 1.1 E–09 |
| Slc9A1 | solute carrier transporter ATPase NCX1 | lysosome function | 4.2 | 0.05 |
| Calcr | calcitonin receptor | resorption | 1.6 | 0.02 |
| Ank | ankyrin | Na ion transport, motility | 14.7 | 2.5 E–7 |
| Down-regulated genes | ||||
| Aqp12 | aquaporin 12 | inhibits acid secretion | −14.5 | 0.1 |
| Itga4 | alpha 4 integrin | inhibits PI3K/Akt activity | −13.3 | 0.003 |
| Mapk4 | mitogen activated protein kinase 4 | inhibits osteoclastogenesis | −11.4 | 0.06 |
| Tspan10 | tetraspanin 10 | inhibits osteoclastogenesis | −7.1 | 0.03 |
| Hpsa | heparanase | inhibits osteoclastogenesis | −2.9 | 0.0002 |
RNA was prepared from RAW264.7 osteoclastic cells exposed for 24h to media with low [Na+] (120 mmol/l) compared with expression from cells in normal [Na+] (140 mmol/l). Gene symbols, description, and function are listed along with the magnitude of mean expression changes. Variability within groups was less than 5%. Data confirmed results from RNA sequencing, implicating osteoclast specific genes, osteoclastogenesis, RANK pathway, MAP-kinase, lysosomal acid production, and cell adhesion.