Table 1. Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Biochars Pyrolysed at 400 °Ca.
characteristics | SBB | SBB-KOH | PSB | PSB-KOH |
---|---|---|---|---|
physical properties | ||||
bulk density (g cm–3) | 0.187 | 0.233 | 0.13 | 0.181 |
particle density (g cm–3) | 0.68 | 1.12 | 0.84 | 1.34 |
porosity (%) | 72.5 | 79.1 | 84.5 | 86.4 |
moisture (%) | 0.462 | 0.54 | 0.41 | 0.687 |
WHC (%) | 130.31 | 113.55 | 235 | 246.2 |
Ash (%) | 7.96 | 11.3 | 31 | 36 |
TDS (mg L–1) | 546 | 582 | 4100 | 4350 |
chemical properties | ||||
pH | 7.06–7.17 | 9.1–9.13 | 7.96–8.19 | 10.55–10.65 |
EC (dS m–1) | 0.84–1.09 | 5.9–6.07 | 5.8–6.31 | 10.34–12.11 |
CEC (cmol (+) kg–1) | 38.2 | 52.4 | 73.1 | 84.7 |
total potassium (g kg–1) | 23.94 | 25.12 | 35.8 | 39.84 |
available potassium (g kg–1) | 19.26 | 23.44 | 31.62 | 36.16 |
total phosphorus (g kg–1) | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
total calcium (g kg–1) | 6.8 | 4.4 | 9.2 | 8.6 |
SBB: sugar cane bagasse biochar; PSB: paddy straw biochar; SBB-KOH: sugar cane bagasse biochar (KOH activated); PSB-KOH: paddy straw biochar (KOH activated).