. 2023 Oct 3;8(41):37991–38004. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03484

Table 4. Physicochemical Parameters of Sediment^a.

parameters	C	T1	T2	T3	T4
CEC (cmol(+) kg^–1)
initial	6.92^a ± 0.06	7.46^b ± 0.09	7.14^ab ± 0.12	7.27^ab ± 0.16	7.07^a ± 0.09
final	6.95^a ± 0.05	10.46^b ± 0.36	11.27^c ± 0.10	11.60^c ± 0.13	11.51^c ± 0.06
available K (kg ha^–1)
initial	522.36^a ± 0.96	549.32^b ± 1.83	570.13^c ± 1.16	530.30^a ± 1.39	548.47^b ± 1.69
final	664.27^a ± 1.27	846.73^c ± 1.91	1575.73^e ± 1.39	794.57^b ± 1.13	1458.37^d ± 1.30
water holding capacity (%)
initial	18.68^a ± 0.80	23.24^b ± 1.76	22.25^ab ± 0.11	23.48^b ± 1.16	20.75^ab ± 1.54
final	18.49^a ± 0.42	55.05^c ± 1.91	59.26^d ± 0.74	51.09^b ± 0.99	49.45^b ± 0.37
bulk density (g cm^–3)
initial	1.08^ab ± 0.011	1.09^b ± 0.007	1.09^ab ± 0.018	1.05^a ± 0.012	1.07^ab ± 0.007
final	1.08^d ± 0.011	0.89^c ± 0.007	0.89^c ± 0.018	0.85^b ± 0.012	0.79^a ± 0.007

Mean values (mean ± S.E.) in each row not sharing a common superscript are significantly different (P < 0.05). One-way ANOVA was used following Duncan’s multiple range test in SPSS-26.0. Control: no biochar; T1: paddy straw biochar (PSB) application in sediment; T2: sediment amended with KOH-activated PSB; T3: sugar cane bagasse biochar (SBB) application in sediment; T4: sediment amended with KOH-activated SBB.

Table 4. Physicochemical Parameters of Sedimenta.

Table 4. Physicochemical Parameters of Sediment^a.