Table 1.
Study Characteristics
| Study, y (country) | Study type | Orofacial pain group types and sample sizes, n | No. of patients (% gender distribution) | Psychosocial scales | Psychologic comorbidity | Prevalence, % | Reference no. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Adamo et al, 2020 (Italy) | Cross-sectional | BMS: 52 | 52 (M: 19, F: 81) | HARS HDRS |
Anxiety Depression |
– – |
102 |
| 2. Bäck et al, 2020 (Sweden) | Cross-sectional | TMD with sev pain/TMD with headache cases: 82 Controls: 977 |
1,059 (F: 100) | HADS | Anxiety Depression |
Cases: 51.2 Controls: 21.2 Cases: 32.9 Controls: 7.2 |
71 |
| 3. Chang et al, 2019 (China) | Retrospective cross-sectional | TN cases: 45 Controls: 61 |
106 (M: 44, F: 56) | HARS HDRS |
Anxiety Depression |
– – |
110 |
| 4. Godazandeh et al, 2019 (UK) | Cross-sectional | TN: 68 TN with MS: 26 |
94 (TN M: 21, F: 79; TN with MS M: 23, F: 77) | HADS | Anxiety (Mild/Sev) Depression (Mild/Sev) |
TN: 63.3 (43.3/20.0) TN with MS: 53.9 (23.1/30.8) TN: 33.3 (15.0/18.3) TN with MS: 56.0 (16.0/40.0) |
111 |
| 5. Heinskou et al, 2019 (Denmark) | Prospective observational | TN after medicine intervention: 103 TN after surgical intervention: 50 |
103 (M: 35, F: 65) | Self-report survey | Anxiety and/or depression | TN after medicine intervention: 14.6 TN after surgical intervention: 14.0 |
109 |
| 6. Huttunen et al, 2019 (Finland) | Randomized controlled trial | TMD: 80 | 80 (M: 23, F: 77) | RDC/TMD | Depression (Mod/Sev) B | 42.5 (27.5/15.0) | 72 |
| 7. Jivnani et al, 2019 (India) | Cross-sectional | TMD pain and headaches: 15 TMD pain with disc displacement:19 No TMD: 34 |
68 (M: 49, F: 51) | HADS | Anxiety (BClin/Clin) Depression (BClin/Clin) |
TMD pain and headaches: 47.0 (27.0/20.0) TMD pain with disc displacement: 53.0 (42.0/11.0) No TMD: 6.0 (6.0/0.0) TMD pain and headaches: 66.0 (13.0/53.0) TMD pain with disc displacement: 63.0 (26.0/37.0) No TMD: 24.0 (18.0/6.0) |
73 |
| 8. Le Bris et al, 2019 (France) | Retrospective cohort | BMS: 38 | 38 (M: 16, F: 84) | Self-report questionnaire |
Depression symptoms | 50 | 101 |
| 9. Lira et al, 2019 (Brazil) | Cross-sectional | TMD cases: 92 Controls: 37 |
129 (F: 100) | HADS | Anxiety Depression |
– – |
74 |
| 10. Melek et al, 2019 (UK) | Cross-sectional | Ne: TN: 40 PTTN: 97 |
137 (M: 30, F: 70) | GAD-7 PHQ |
Anxiety (Clin) Depression (Mild-Mod/Mod-Sev to Sev) |
TN: 38.5 PTTN: 34.4 TN: 53.6 (35.7/17.9) PTTN: 35.9 (25.0/10.9) |
125 |
| 11. Yang et al, 2019 China |
Cross-sectional | BMS cases: 30 Controls: 18 |
48 (M: 17, F: 83) | ZSAS ZSDS |
Anxiety (Mild) Depression (Mild) Depression (Mod) |
BMS: 30 BMS: 50 BMS: 36.6 |
100 |
| 12. Adamo et al, 2018 (Italy) | Cross-sectional | BMS: 200 Controls: 200 |
400 (M: 17, F: 83) | HARS HDRS |
Anxiety (Mild-Mod) Anxiety (Mod-Sev) Depression (Mild) Depression (Mod-Sev) |
BMS: 27 BMS: 18 BMS: 32 BMS: 34 |
99 |
| 13. Daher et al, 2018 (Brazil) | Cross-sectional | TMD A: 10 TMD MP: 15 Controls: 10 |
35 (M: 20, F: 80) | HADS | Anxiety | – | 75 |
| 14. Di Stasio et al, 2018 (Italy) | Cross-sectional | BMS cases: 25 Controls: 24 |
49 (M: 13, F: 87) | STAI HDRS |
Anxiety Depression |
– – |
98 |
| 15. Fernandes Azevedo et al, 2018 (Brazil) | Cross-sectional | TMD cases: 38 Controls: 67 |
105 | STAI | St Anxiety (Mod) Tr Anxiety (Mod) |
TMD: 39.5 No TMD: 29.9 TMD: 36.8 No TMD: 46.3 |
76 |
| 16. Lee and Chon, 2020 (Korea) | Cross-sectional | BMS with sleep problems: 15 BMS without sleep problems: 10 |
25 (F: 100) | SCL-90-R | Anxiety Depression |
– – |
97 |
| 17. Miura et al, 2018 (Japan) | Retrospective cross-sectional | AO: 383 | 383 (M: 15, F: 85) | DSM-V ZSDS |
Anxiety Depression |
10.1 15.4 |
133 |
| 18. Moura et al, 2018 (Brazil) | Case-control | BMS cases: 15 Controls: 15 |
30 (M: 20, F: 80) | BAI BDI |
Anxiety (Mild/Mod) Anxiety (Mod) Depression BMS (Mod/Sev) |
BMS: 16.6/33.3 Controls: 13.3 BMS: 16.7/8.3 Controls: 0.0/0.0 |
96 |
| 19. Natu et al, 2018 (Singapore) | Cross-sectional | No TMD: 142 Mild TMD: 79 Mod TMD: 23 |
244 (M: 16, F: 84) | DASS-21 | Anxiety Depression |
– – |
77 |
| 20. Nazeri et al, 2018 (Iran) | Case-control | TMD MP and migraines: 50 TMD MP: 25 Migraines: 15 Controls: 38 |
128 (M: 24, F: 76) | HADS | Anxiety and/or depression | TMD MP and migraines: 90.0 TMD MP: 24.0 Migraines: 66.7 Controls: 31.6 |
78 |
| 21. Paulino et al, 2018 (Brazil) | Cross-sectional | TMD cases: 171 Controls: 132 |
303 (M: 31, F: 69) | HADS | Anxiety Depression |
TMD: 46.8 No TMD: 26.5 TMD: 10.5 No TMD: 9.1 |
79 |
| 22. Reiter et al, 2018 (Israel) | Cross-sectional | TMD | 163 (M: 25, F: 75) | GAD-7 PHQ-9 |
Anxiety (Mild/Mod/Sev) Depression (Mild/Mod/Sev) |
19.6/8.0/4.9 26.4/12.3/8.0 |
80 |
| 23. Sikora et al, 2018 (Croatia) | Cross-sectional | BMS cases: 43 Controls: 50 |
93 (M: 18, F: 82) | STAI BDI |
Anxiety Depression |
– – |
95 |
| 24. Sruthi et al, 2018 (India) | Cross-sectional | TMD MP: 27 TMD JP: 26 TMD mixed: 23 Controls: 24 |
100 (M: 46, F: 54) | DASS-42 | Anxiety Depression |
– – |
81 |
| 25. Tu et al, 2018 (Japan) | Cross-sectional | AO: 272 AO and BMS: 83 |
355 (M: 12, F: 88) | ZSDS | Depression | – | 124 |
| 26. Yoo et al, 2018 (Korea) | Cross-sectional | BMS cases: 50 Controls: 50 |
100 (M: 42, F: 58) | SCL-90-R | Anxiety Depression |
– – |
94 |
| 27. Mitsikostas et al, 2017 (Greece) | Case series | BMS: 8 | 8 (F: 100%) | HARS HDRS |
Anxiety (Mild-Mod) Anxiety (Mod-Sev) Dep (Mod-Sev) |
50.0 12.5 100 |
93 |
| 28. Naikoo et al, 2017 (India) | Case-control | TMD cases: 100 Controls: 100 |
220 (M: 36, F: 64) | HADS | Anxiety Depression |
TMD: 53.0 No TMD: 21.0 – |
82 |
| 29. Reiter et al, 2017 (Israel) | Cross-sectional | TMD: RDC: 142 DC: 157 |
299 (M: 24, F: 76) | RDC/TMD DC/TMD (GAD-7, PHQ-9) |
RDC Anxiety (Mod/Sev) RDC Depression (Mod/Sev) DC Anxiety (Mod/Sev) DC Depression (Mod/Sev) |
51.4 (27.9/23.5) 54.2 (29.6/24.6) 10.2 (7.6/2.6) 17.8 (9.6/8.2) |
83 |
| 30. Su et al, 2017 (China) | Cross-sectional | TMD low pain intensity n = 156 TMD high pain intensity n = 164 |
320 (M: 22, F: 78) | GAD-7 PHQ-9 |
Anxiety (Mild/Mod/Sev) Depression (Mild/Mod/Sev) |
Low pain: 23/8.9/2.5 High pain: 9.5/16.4/11.5 Low pain: 31.4/7.0/3.2 High pain: 26.8/15.8/17.7 |
84 |
| 31. Tan et al, 2017 (Malaysia) | Cross-sectional | TN: 75 | 75 (M: 31, F: 69) | HADS | Anxiety Depression |
41.3 24.0 |
108 |
| 32. Tournavitis et al, 2017 (Greece) | Cross-sectional | TMD: 75 | 75 (M: 48, F: 52) | STAI CES-D |
Anxiety Depression |
– – |
85 |
| 33. van Selms et al, 2017 (Netherlands) | Cross-sectional | TMD cases: 268 Controls: 254 |
522 (M: 14, F: 86) | GAD-7 PHQ-15 |
Anxiety Depression |
– – |
86 |
| 34. Yeung et al, 2017 (UK) | Cross-sectional | TMD: 162 | 162 (M: 20, F: 80) | GAD-7 PHQ-9 |
Anxiety (Mild/Mod/Sev) Depression (Mild/Mod/Sev) |
27/12/8 27/20/14 |
87 |
| 35. Zakrzewska et al, 2017 (UK) | Cross-sectional | TN no IMP: 155 TN with IMP: 32 TN with AN: 38 |
225 (M: 37, F: 63) | HADS | Anxiety (BClin/Clin) Depression (BClin/Clin) |
TN no IMP: 46.4 (21.5/25.2) TN with IMP: 40.7 (11.1/29.6) TN with AN: 77.8 (50.0/27.8) TN no IMP: 30.6 (15.3/15.3) TN with IMP: 29.6 (18.5/11.1) TN with AN: 55.5 (22.2/33.3) |
107 |
| 36. Bertoli and de Leeuw, 2016 (USA) | Cross-sectional | TMD: 1,241 | 1,241 (M: 12, F: 88) | SCL-90-R | Anxiety Depression |
28.9 30.4 |
70 |
| 37. Braud and Boucher, 2016 (France) | Cross-sectional | BMS: 18 | 18 (M: 6, F: 94) | HADS | Anxiety Depression |
38.8 33.3 |
139 |
| 38. das Neves de Araújo Lima et al, 2016 (Brazil) | Cross-sectional | BMS: 64 SOB: 99 |
163 (M: 19, F: 81) | BAI BDI |
Anxiety (Mild/Mod/Sev) Depression (Mild-Mod/Mod-Sev) |
BMS: 30.0/6.7/13.3 SOB: 20.0/10.0/0 BMS: 53.1/28.1 SOB: 16.1/6.0 |
138 |
| 39. Davies et al, 2016 (UK) | Cross-sectional | BMS: 30 Other oral conditions: 11 |
41 (M: 12, F: 88) | Customized questionnaire and clinical interviews | Anxiety Depression |
– – |
164 |
| 40. Duraçoğlu et al, 2016 (Turkey) | Cross-sectional | TMD: 273 | 273 (M: 22, F: 78) | HADS | Anxiety Depression Anxiety and/or depression |
31.1 40.7 49.8 |
67 |
| 41. Mousavi et al, 2016 (USA) | Cross-sectional | TN: 21 | 21 (M: 14, F: 86) | DSM-IV | Anxiety (Diag) Depression (Diag) |
52.3 42.8 |
137 |
| 42. Patil et al, 2016 (India) | Cross-sectional | Chronic TMD cases: 60 Controls: 60 |
120 (M: 25, F: 75) | BDI | Depression (BClin/Mod/Sev) | Cases: 30.0 (13.3/13.3/3.3) Controls: 10.0 (6.7/3.3/0.0) |
68 |
| 43. Sevrain et al, 2016 (France) | Retrospective | BMS: 35 | 35 (M: 9, F: 91) | HADS | Anxiety Depression |
54.3 25.7 |
92 |
| 44. Tang et al, 2016 (China) | Cross-sectional | TN: 167 | 167 (M: 40.7, F: 59.3) | BAI BDI |
Anxiety Depression |
20.4 72.5 |
134 |
| 45. Visscher et al, 2016 (Netherlands) | Retrospective | TMD: 112 | 112 (M: 13, F: 87) | SCL-90 | Depression | 25.8 | 69 |
| 46. Al-Havaz et al, 2015 (Iran) | Cross-sectional | TMD: 171 | 171 (M: 43, F: 57) | RDC/TMD | Depression (Mod-Sev) | TMD: 7.0 | 62 |
| 47. Brailo and Zakrzewska, 2015 (UK) |
Cross-sectional | TN: 48 TMD: 112 CIFP: 85 |
245 (M: 24, F: 76) | HADS | Anxiety (BClin/Clin) Depression (BClin/Clin) |
TN: 39.3 (17.9/21.4) TMD: 55.7 (26.2/29.5) CIFP: 38.5 (15.4/23.1) TN: 32.1 (25.0/7.1) TMD: 32.8 (19.7/13.1) CIFP: 42.3 (11.5/30.8) |
122 |
| 48. Kotiranta et al, 2015 (Finland) | Cross-sectional | TMD: 399 | 399 (M: 17, F: 83) | RDC/TMD (SCL-90-R) | Anxiety Depression |
– – |
63 |
| 49. Lei et al, 2015 (China) | Cross-sectional | TMD: MFP: 128 No MFP: 382 |
510 (M: 24, F: 76) | DASS-21 | Anxiety Depression |
TMD: 36.5 MFP: 62.5 No MFP: 27.7 TMD: 17.6 MFP: 31.3 No MFP: 13.1 |
64 |
| 50. Lopez-Jornet et al, 2015 (Spain) |
Cross-sectional | BMS cases: 70 Controls: 70 |
140 (M: 9, F: 91) | HADS | Anxiety Depression |
– – |
91 |
| 51. Majumder et al, 2015 (India) | Cross-sectional | TMD cases: 311 Controls: 689 |
1,000 (M: 45, F: 55) | HADS | Anxiety and/or Depression | TMD: 66.2 No TMD: 31.1 |
65 |
| 52. Marino et al, 2015 Italy |
Case-control | BMS cases: 58 Controls: 58 |
116 (M: 21, F: 79) | HARS MADRS |
Anxiety (Mild-Mod/Mod-Sev) Depression (Mild/Mod/Sev) |
BMS: 80.7 (31.6/49.1) BMS: 49.1 (47.3/1.8/0) |
136 |
| 53. Reiter et al, 2015 (Israel) | Retrospective observational | Acute TMD: 49 Chronic TMD: 139 |
207 (M: 24, F: 76) | RDC/TMD (SCL-90-R) | Anxiety (Mod/Sev) Depression (Mod/Sev) |
TMD: 54.1 (29.5/24.6) Acute: 44.9 (28.6/16.3) Chronic: 58.3 (30.2/28.1) TMD: 56.0 (33.3/22.7) Acute: 40.8 (26.5/14.3 Chronic: 61.2 (36.0/25.2) |
66 |
| 54. Tokura et al, 2015 (Japan) | Cross-sectional | BMS cases: 65 Controls: 116 |
181 (M: 19, F: 82) | BDI | Depression (Diag MDD) | BMS: 14 | 135 |
| 55. Wu et al, 2015 (Korea) | Retrospective cohort | TN cases: 3,273 Controls: 13,092 |
16,365 (M: 62, F: 38) | ICD-9 CM | Anxiety (Diag) Depression (Diag) |
TN: Cases: 1.8 Controls: 0.60 TN: Cases: 2.2 Controls: 0.79 |
106 |
| 56. Calixtre et al, 2014 (Brazil) | Longitudinal | TMD: 19 | 19 (M: 5, F: 94) | HADS | Anxiety Depression |
– – |
54 |
| 57. Cioffi et al, 2014 (Italy) | Cross-sectional | TMD/migraine: TMD MP: 676 Migraine: 39 TMD MP + migraine: 66 |
781 (M: 22, F: 78) | RDC/TMD (SCL-90) | Depression | – | 121 |
| 58. Davis et al, 2014 (USA) | Cross-sectional | TMD: 50 | 50 (M: 8, F: 92) | Psych Diag-(MR) STAI |
Anxiety (Diag) Depression (Diag) |
30.0 18.0 |
55 |
| 59. Gerrits et al, 2014 (Netherlands) | Longitudinal cohort | OFP: 13 | 614 (M: 39, F: 61) | DSM-IV CIDI version 2.1 |
Anxiety Depression |
– – |
131 |
| 60. Komiyama et al, 2014 (Japan) |
Cross-sectional | TMD: 1,437 | 1,437 (M: 29, F: 71) | RDC/TMD | Depression | – | 56 |
| 61. Minghelli et al, 2014 (Portugal) | Cross-sectional | TMD cases: 633 Controls: 860 |
1,493 (M: 32, F: 68) | HADS | Anxiety or depression | Cases: 61.4 Controls: 38.6 |
57 |
| 62. Reissmann et al, 2014 (Germany) |
Case-control | TMD cases: 320 Controls: 888 |
1,208 (M: 36, F: 64) | STAI RDC/TMD |
State Anxiety (Mod/Sev) Depression (Mod/Sev) |
Cases: 56.6 (25.3/31.3) Controls: 32.2 (22.2/10) Cases: 45.9 (20.6/25.3) Controls: 38.5 (16.9/21.6) |
58 |
| 63. Smriti et al, 2014 (India) | Cross-sectional | TMD cases: 27 Controls: 123 |
150 (M: 31, F: 69) | ZSAS | Anxiety (Mild-Mod) | TMD: 25.9 No TMD: 6.5 |
59 |
| 64. Sood et al, 2014 (India) | Cross-sectional | TMD cases: 104 Controls: 396 |
400 (M: 25, F: 75) | HADS | Anxiety Depression |
– – |
60 |
| 65. Vasudeva et al, 2014 (India) | Case-control | TMD cases: 255 Controls: 250 |
505 (M: 64, F: 36) | HADS | Anxiety (BClin/Clin) | TMD 55.9 (45.0/10.9) No TMD: 20.4 (19.2/0.8) |
61 |
| 66. Castelli et al, 2013 (Italy) | Case-control | TMD (chronic MP) cases: 45 Controls: 45 |
90 (F: 100) | BDI STAI-Y1 |
Anxiety Depression |
– – |
51 |
| 67. Chen et al, 2013 (USA) | Case-control, secondary analysis |
TMD: TMD cases, no pain: 14 TMD cases with chronic pain: 145 Controls: 131 |
290 (F: 100) | STAI SCL-90-R |
Anxiety Depression |
– – |
52 |
| 68. Ligthart et al, 2013 (Netherlands) | Longitudinal cohort | OFP: Facial pain: 401 (at 2-y follow-up) |
2,981 (total); (M: 34, F: 66) | BAI IDS-SR |
Anxiety Depression |
– – |
129 |
| 69. Ozdemir-Karatas et al, 2013 (Turkey) |
Cross-sectional | TMD: 104 | 104 (M: 38, F: 62) | RDC/TMD (SCL-90-R) | Depression | – | 53 |
| 70. Sipilä et al, 2013 (Finland) | Longitudinal cohort | Chronic OFP: Cases: 162 Controls: 200 Follow-up: 63 Follow-up controls: 85 |
Baseline: 362 Follow-up: 148 |
SCL-25 | Depression symptoms Depression (Diag) |
Baseline cases: 17.5 Controls: 7.0 Follow-up cases: 6.3 Controls: 1.2 |
130 |
| 71. Smith et al, 2013 (UK) | Cross-sectional | Ne: PPTN: 89 | 89 (M: 32, F: 68) | HADS | Anxiety (BClin/Clin) Depression (BClin/Clin) |
51.2 (17.5/33.7) 29.8 (14.3/15.5) |
105 |
| 72. de Lucena et al, 2012 (Brazil) | Longitudinal population-based prospective | TMD (two time periods; T1 and T2): Cases: 99 Controls: 54 |
153 (M: 46, F: 54) | HADS | Anxiety Depression |
Cases: T1 = 61.6/T2 = 60.6 Controls: T1 = 22.2/T2 = 37.0 Cases: T1 = 16.2/T2 = 26.3 Controls: T1 = 5.6/T2 = 14.8 |
45 |
| 73. de Souza et al, 2012 (Brazil) | Cross-sectional | BMS cases: 30 Controls: 31 |
61 (M: 3, F: 97) | MINI-Plus HDRS BDI STAI |
Anxiety (Diag) Depression (Diag) |
Cases: 36.7 Controls: 9.7 Cases: 46.7 Controls: 12.9 |
89 |
| 74. Diniz et al, 2012 (Brazil) | Longitudinal cohort | Baseline TMD: 20 Controls: 35 Follow-up TMD: 28 Follow-up controls: 27 |
55 | BAI | Anxiety (Mild/Mod-Sev) | Baseline TMD: 65.0 (55.0/10) Follow-up TMD: 64.3 (18.6/39.3) |
46 |
| 75. Guarda-Nardini et al, 2012 (Italy) | Cross-sectional | Acute TMD: 51 Chronic TMD: 59 |
110 (M: 19, F: 81) | HARS HDRS SCL-90-R |
Anxiety Depression (Mod-Sev) |
– TMD (acute and chronic): 48.0 (30–18) |
47 |
| 76. Kindler et al, 2012 (Germany) | Prospective cohort | TMD: TMD JP: 122 No TMD JP: 2,884 TMD MP: 50 No TMD MP: 2,984 |
6,040 (M: 49, F: 51) | CID-S | Anxiety symptoms Depression symptoms |
JP: 64.8 No JP: 47.1 MP: 78.0 No MP: 47.3 JP: 49.2 No JP: 28.3 MP: 46.0 No MP: 29.0 |
48 |
| 77. Komiyama et al, 2012 (Japan) |
Cross-sectional | Ne: BMS: 282 (acute: 169, chronic: 113) TN n = 83 (acute: 43, chronic: 40) |
365 (M: 20, F: 80) | RDC/TMD (SCL-90-R) | Depression | – | 120 |
| 78. Rodrigues et al, 2012 (Brazil) | Cross-sectional | TMD: TMD pain: 54 TMD no pain: 129 |
183 (M: 42, F: 58) | RDC/TMD | Depression (Mod/Sev) | TMD: 41.5 (30.2/11.3) | 49 |
| 79. Schiavone et al, 2012 (Italy) |
Cross-sectional | BMS: Chronic BMS: 53 Controls: 51 |
104 (M: 30, F: 70) | HDRS STAI-Y1/Y2 |
Anxiety Depression |
– – |
90 |
| 80. Schwahn et al, 2012 (Germany) | Cross-sectional | TMD: 3,904 | 3,904 (M: 50, F: 50) | CID-S | Depression | – | 50 |
| 81. Wan et al, 2012 (Hong Kong) | Cross-sectional | OFP: CD: 200 IE: 200 |
400 | GHQ-12 | Psychologic distress | CD: 4 IE: 11.0 |
128 |
| 82. Celić et al, 2011 (Croatia) | Cross-sectional | Acute TMD: 126 Chronic TMD: 28 |
154 (M: 24, F: 76) | RDC/TMD (SCL-90-R) | Depression (Sev) | TMD (acute and chronic): 19.5 | 40 |
| 83. Dworkin, 2011 (Italy, Israel, Amsterdam) | Cross-sectional | TMD: 1,149 | 1,149 (M: 20, F: 80) | SCL-90-R | Depression (Mod-Sev) | 45.4 | 41 |
| 84. Gustin et al, 2011 (Australia) | Case-control | Ne/TMD: TNP: 24 TMD: 21 Controls: 38 |
83 (M: 24, F: 76) | STAI BDI |
Anxiety Depression |
– – |
16 |
| 85. Mačianskytė et al, 2011 (Lithuania) | Cross-sectional | Ne/IP: TN + Chronic facial pain: 30 ATFP: 30 |
60 (M: 15, F: 85) | CAS BDI |
Anxiety Depression (Mod/Sev) |
– TN: 76.7 (46.7/30.0) ATFP: 0 |
118 |
| 86. Monteiro et al, 2011 (Brazil) | Cross-sectional | Chronic TMD: 49 Controls: 101 |
150 (M: 78, F: 22) | STAI | State anxiety Trait anxiety |
– – |
42 |
| 87. Taiminen et al, 2011 (Finland) | Cross-sectional | Ne/IP: BMS: 40 ATFP: 23 |
63 (M: 10, F: 90) | SCID-I | Anxiety (Diag) Depression (Diag) |
BMS: 47.5 ATFP: 30.4 BMS: 35 ATFP: 26 |
119 |
| 88. van Seventer et al, 2011 (UK, Netherlands, Canada) |
Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial | Ne (posttraumatic peripheral neuropathic pain): TN: unknown |
254 (M: 49, F: 51) | HADS | Anxiety Depression |
– – |
104 |
| 89. Velly et al, 2011 (USA) | Prospective cohort | TMD chronic pain onset (GCPS I): 261 Pain prognosis (GCPS II-IV): 309 |
Baseline: 570 (M: 15, F: 85) – |
BDI | Depression (Mod/Sev), baseline | TMD: 10.3 GCPS I: 7.0 GCPS II-IV: 14.0 |
43 |
| 90. Xu et al, 2011 (China) | Cross-sectional | TMD: 162 | 162 (F: 100) | SCL-90-R | Anxiety Depression |
7.4 11.7 |
44 |
| 91. Bakhtiari et al, 2010 (Iran) | Cross-sectional | BMS: BMS: 50 Controls: 50 |
100 (M: 17, F: 83) | CAS | State anxiety Trait anxiety |
– – |
103 |
| 92. Giannakopoulos et al, 2010 (Germany) |
Case-control | TMD: MP: 88 JP: 43 NonTMD facial pain: 45 Controls n = 46 |
222 (M: 27, F: 73) | HADS | Anxiety Depression |
– – |
35 |
| 93. Kim et al, 2010 (Korea) | Cross-sectional | TMD: TMD trauma: 34 TMD no trauma: 340 |
374 (M: 29, F: 71) | SCL-90-R | Anxiety Depression |
– – |
116 |
| 94. Lajnert et al, 2010 (Croatia) | Cross-sectional | Acute TMD: 30 Chronic TMD: 30 Controls: 30 |
90 (F: 100) | RDC/TMD | Depression (Mod/Sev) | Acute: 52.7 (28.0/24.7) Chronic: 77.4 (30.0/6.0) Controls: 36.0 (30.0/6.0) |
36 |
| 95. Manfredini et al, 2010a (Italy) |
Cross-sectional | TMD: 11 | 111 (M: 19, F: 81) | RDC/TMD (SCL-90-R) | Depression (Mod/Sev) | 41.4 (1.8/39.6) | 37 |
| 96. Manfredini et al, 2010b (Italy, Israel, Netherlands) |
Cross-sectional | Acute TMD: 293 Chronic TMD: 856 |
1,149 (M: 20, F: 80) | RDC/TMD (SCL-90) | Depression (Mod/Sev) | Acute: 45.0 (23.1/21.9) Chronic: 47.7 (25.1/22.6) |
38 |
| 97. McMillan et al, 2010 (Hong Kong) | Cross-sectional, case-control | OFP cases: 200 Controls: 200 |
400 (M: 36, F: 64) | SCL-90 | Depression | Cases: 31.0 Controls: 11.0 |
127 |
| 98. Pesqueira et al, 2010 (Brazil) | Cross-sectional, case-control | TMD cases: 61 Controls: 89 |
150 | STAI RDC/TMD |
State anxiety Trait anxiety |
– – |
39 |
| 99. Takenoshita et al, 2010 (Japan) |
Cross-sectional IASP |
Ne/IP: BMS: 125 AO: 37 |
162 (M: 13, F: 87) | SDS Psych Diag MR |
Depressive tendencies Depression (Diag) Anxiety (Diag) |
BMS: 32.1 AO: 33.3 BMS: 32.0 AO: 21.6 BMS: 9.6 AO: 10.8 |
117 |
| 100. Bonjardim et al, 2009 (Brazil) |
Cross-sectional | TMD cases: 98 Controls: 98 |
196 (M: 49, F: 51) | HADS | Anxiety (BClin/Clin) Depression (BClin) |
TMD: 43.9 (26.5/17.3) No TMD: 24.5 (21.4/3.1) TMD: 6.6 No TMD: 3.1 |
31 |
| 101. Choi et al, 2009 (Korea) | Retrospective | Ne/PIFP/TMD: TN: 8 Ne: 9 PIFP: 8 TMD: 138 (TMD MP: 73, TMD JP: 24, TMD MP + JP: 41) |
163 (M: 40, F: 60) | HADS | Anxiety Depression |
– – |
115 |
| 102. Gao et al, 2009 (China) | Case-control | BMS cases: 87 Controls: 82 |
169 (M: 24, F: 76) | SAS SDS |
Anxiety Depression |
– – |
165 |
| 103. Licini et al, 2009 (Italy) | Cross-sectional | TMD: 308 | 308 (M: 25, F: 75) | RDC/TMD | Depression (Mod/Sev) | 65.7 (13.3/52.6) | 32 |
| 104. Macfarlane et al, 2009 (UK) |
Prospective cohort | TMD: OFP in young adults: 78 |
337 (M: 43, F: 57) | CES-D PSS |
Depression | OFP: 33.3 No OFP: 18.9 |
33 |
| 105. Stavrianos et al, 2009 (UK) | Prospective cohort | TMD: 22 | 22 (M: 36, F: 64) | IAS | Heart phobia Cancer phobia |
– – |
34 |
| 106. Streffer et al, 2009 (Switzerland) | Cross-sectional | OF: 102 | 102 (M: 22, F: 78) | HADS | Anxiety (BClin/Clin) Depression (BClin/Clin) |
51.7 (33/18.7) 32.6 (16.9/15.7) |
126 |
| 107. Baad-Hansen et al, 2008 (Denmark) |
Cross-sectional | TMD: 41 AO: 46 |
87 (M: 17, F: 83) | SCL-90-R | Depression | – | 113 |
| 108. Ballegaard et al, 2008 (Denmark) | Cross-sectional | TMD/headache: TMD with headache: 55 Headache without TMD: 44 |
99 (M: 23, F: 76) | RDC/TMD | Depression (Mod-Sev) | TMD with headache: 70.9 Headache without TMD: 34.1 |
123 |
| 109. Buljan et al, 2008 (Croatia) | Cross-sectional | BMS cases: 42 Controls: 78 |
120 (M: 39, F: 61) | BAI SDS |
Anxiety Depression |
– – |
88 |
| 110. Castro et al, 2008 (Brazil) | Cross-sectional | TN: 15 TMD: 15 |
30 (M 27, F: 73) | HADS | Anxiety Depression |
– – |
114 |
| 111. Lee et al, 2008 (China) | Cross-sectional | TMD: 87 | 87 (M: 12, F: 88) | RDC/TMD | Depression (Mod/Sev) | 42.5 (26.4/16.1) | 29 |
| 112. Reissmann et al, 2008 (Germany) |
Cross-sectional | TMD: 225 | 225 (M: 14, F: 86) | RDC/TMD | Depression | 47.6 (21.8–25.7) | 30 |
| 113. Bertoli et al, 2007 (USA) | Retrospective | TMD: 445 | 445 (M: 9, F: 91) | SCL-90-R | Depression | – | 26 |
| 114. John et al, 2007 (Germany) | Cross-sectional | Chronic TMD: 416 | 416 (M: 21, F: 79) | RDC/TMD Axis II | Depression (Mod/Sev) | 46.2 (19.7/26.5) | 27 |
| 115. List et al, 2007 (Sweden) | Case-control | AO cases: 46 Controls: 35 |
81 (M: 22, F: 78) | SCL-90-R | Depression (Mod/Sev) | Cases: 74 (26.0/48.0) Controls: 54 (37.0/17.0) |
132 |
| 116. Mongini et al, 2007 (Italy) | Cross-sectional | TMD/OFP: TMD MP: 462 TMD A: 70, Ne (TN + PNe): 68 FPD: 49 |
649 (M: 22, F: 78) |
SCID-DSM-IV | Anxiety (Diag) Depression (Diag) |
TMD MP: 33.5 TMD A: 15.7 Ne: 16.2 FPD: 30.6 TMD MP: 22.3 TMD A: 15.7 Ne: 10.3 FPD: 44.9 |
112 |
| 117. Nifosi et al, 2007 (Italy) | Cross-sectional | TMD MFP: 19 TMD JP: 26 TMD MFP + JP: 18 |
63 (M: 25, F: 75) | SCID-DSM-IV HARS HDRS SCL-90-R |
Anxiety (Diag) Depression (Diag) Anxiety and depression symptoms |
TMD: 15.9 TMD: 20.6 – |
28 |
| 118. GaldÓn et al, 2006 (Spain) | Cross-sectional | TMD MP: 58 TMD A: 56 |
114 (M: 11, F: 89) | BSI-18 | Anxiety General distress |
– – |
25 |
Note: Only percentages of psychologic functioning impact of orofacial pain conditions were included (at the decimal point level presented in study papers).
AN = autonomic symptoms; AO = atypical odontalgia; ATFP = atypical facial pain; BAI = Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI); BClin = borderline clinically significant; BDI = Beck Depression Inventory; BMS = Burning Mouth Syndrome; BSI-18 = Brief Symptom Inventory-18; CAS = Covi Anxiety Scale; CD = community dwellers; CES-D = Centre for Epidemiological studies Scale; CIDI = Composite International Diagnostic Interview; CID-S = Composite International Diagnostic-Screener; CIFP = chronic idiopathic facial pain; Clin = clinically significant (Clin); DASS-21 = Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale; DC/TMD = Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders; Diag = diagnosis; DSM-IV = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; FPD = facial pain disorder; GAD-7 = Generalized Anxiety Disorder questionnaire; GCPS = Graded Chronic Pain Scale (grades I to IV); GHQ = General Health Questionnaire; HADS = Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HARS = Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale; HDRS = Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; IAS = Illness Attitude Scale (IAS); ICD-9 = International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision; IDS-SR = Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology; IE = institutionalized elderly; IMP = intermittent pain; IP = idiopathic pain; JP = TMD joint pain; MADRS = Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale; MDD = major depressive disorder; MFP/MP = myofascial pain/TMD muscle pain; MINI-Plus = International Neuropsychiatric Interview; MR = medical record; MS = multiple sclerosis; Ne = neuropathic pain; OFP = orofacial pain; PHQ = Patient Health Questionnaire; PIFP = persistent idiopathic facial pain; PNe = persistent neuropathic pain; PPTNI = painful posttraumatic nerve injury; PSS = Perceived Stress Scale; Psych Diag = psychiatric diagnosis; RDC/TMD = Research Diagnostic Criteria/Temporomandibular Disorders Axis II questionnaire; SAS/SDS = self-rating anxiety/depression scale; SCID = Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV; STAI (Y1/Y2) = State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form 1/Form 2); SCL-25 = Symptom Checklist-25; SCL-90-R = Symptom Checklist-90-Revised; SOB = secondary oral burning; TMD A = arthrogenous TMD; TNP = trigeminal neuropathic pain; TN = trigeminal neuralgia; ZSAS = Zung Self Rating Anxiety Scale; ZSDS = Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale.