FIGURE 3.
A 73-year-old woman with a history of arthritis, neurological dysfunction, gastric ulcers, and no prior fusion and an Oswestry Disability Index score of 48. The patient continued to experience pain and was deemed a candidate for surgery 225 after study enrollment. Ten-level thoracolumbar fusion was performed with no major complications noted at 2 years. The patient was deemed nonoperative failure.