Table 2. Selected studies describing sex differences in operative outcomes of CABG.
| Author | Year | Study period | Sample size (n) | Follow-up | Mortality outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gaudino et al. (17) | 2023 | 2011–2020 | 1,297,204, women: 24.5% | 30 days | Unadjusted 30-day mortality: 2.8% (95% CI: 2.8–2.9%) in women vs. 1.7% (95% CI: 1.7–1.7%) in men, P<0.001 |
| 30-day mortality attributable risk to female sex: 1.28 in 2011 to 1.41 in 2020, P for trend =0.38 | |||||
| Enumah et al. (7) | 2020 | 2011–2018 | 1,042,506, women: 25.1% | 30 days | Unadjusted 30-day mortality, women: OR: 1.68 (95% CI: 1.63–1.73) |
| MVA for 30-day mortality, women: OR: 1.26 (95% CI: 1.21–1.30) | |||||
| Shi et al. (8) | 2022 | N/A | 5,008,262, women: 28.8% | 30 days | Unadjusted 30-day mortality, women: OR: 1.81 (95% CI: 1.72–1.91) |
| Adjusted 30-day mortality, women: OR: 1.40 (95% CI: 1.35–1.45) | |||||
| Angraal et al. (9) | 2018 | 1999–2014 | 1,863,719, women: 33.6% | 30 days | 30-day mortality |
| 1999: 6.6% (95% CI: 5.4–6.6%) in women vs. 4.3% (95% CI: 4.2–4.5%) in men | |||||
| 2014: 4.8% (95% CI: 4.5–5.1%) in women vs. 2.7% (95% CI: 2.6–2.9%) in men | |||||
| Adjusted annual decline in 30-day mortality | |||||
| Women: −2.70% (95% CI: −2.97% to −2.44%) | |||||
| Men: −2.44% (95% CI: −2.67% to −2.21%) | |||||
| 1 year | Adjusted annual decline in 1-year mortality | ||||
| Women: −1.67% (95% CI: −1.88% to −1.46%) | |||||
| Men: −1.20% (95% CI: −1.37% to −1.03%) | |||||
| Guru et al. (15) | 2004 | 1991–1999 | 54,425, women: 22.2% | 30 days | Adjusted 30-day mortality, women: OR: 1.45 (95% CI: 1.23–1.63) |
| 1 year | Adjusted 1-year mortality, women: HR: 1.44 (95% CI: 1.29–1.61) | ||||
| >1 year | Adjusted late (>1-year) mortality, women: HR: 0.89 (95% CI: 0.78–1.02) | ||||
| Johnston et al. (14) | 2019 | 2008–2016 | 52,546, women: 20.5% | 5 years | Adjusted mortality, women: HR: 1.15 (95% CI: 1.08–1.21) |
Adapted with permission from Gaudino et al. (18). CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; MVA, multivariable analysis; N/A, not applicable; HR, hazard ratio.