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. 2023 Sep 18;15(9):4961–4975. doi: 10.21037/jtd-23-1117

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2023 Journal of Thoracic Disease. All rights reserved.

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

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Forest plot of the meta-analysis of surgical vs. nonsurgical care in patients with multiple rib fractures on pain at 4 weeks postintervention. SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance method; CI, confidence interval.