Table 4. Main studies on published on ECLS bridge to LTx.
| Author, year, country | No. of patients | ECLS configuration |
Median ECLS bridge duration (d) | Awake/ambulant ECLS bridge | Successful bridge to LTx | In-hospital mortality | 1-y survival | 3-y survival |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inci, 2015 (27), Switzerland (Europe) | 30 | VV ECMO: 38% | 21 | 23% | 87% | NR | 68% | 53% |
| VA ECMO: 15% | ||||||||
| Other: 27% | ||||||||
| Tipograf, 2019 (28), USA (America) | 121 | VV ECMO: 52% | 12 | 68% | 59% | 9% (*) | 88% (*) | 83% (*) |
| VA ECMO: 43% | ||||||||
| VAV ECMO: 2.5% | ||||||||
| Other: 2.4% | ||||||||
| Biscotti, 2017 (6), USA (America) | 72 | VV ECMO: 62.5% | 12 | 69.4% | 55.6% | 7.5% (*) | 90.3% (*) | NR |
| VA ECMO: 31.9% | ||||||||
| VAV ECMO: 4.2% | ||||||||
| Other: 1.4% | ||||||||
| Hakim, 2018 (29), USA (America) | 30 | VV ECMO: 80% | 8 | 23 % | 87% | 8% (*) | 85% (*) | 80% (*) |
| VA ECMO: 16.7% | ||||||||
| VAV ECMO: 3.3% | ||||||||
| Ko, 2020 (30), South Korea (Asia) | 27 | VV ECMO: 89% | 11 | 0% | 100% | 25.9% | NR | NR |
| VA ECMO: 3.6% | ||||||||
| VAV ECMO: 7.4% | ||||||||
| Ius, 2018 (31), Germany (Europe) | 68 | VV ECMO: 74% | 9 | 84% | 100% | 15% | 79% | NR |
| VA ECMO: 37% | ||||||||
| Oh, 2021 (32), South Korea (Asia) | 78 | VV ECMO: 85% | 13 | 75.6% | 52.6% | NR | 73.2% (*) | 70.6% (*) |
| VA ECMO: 15% | ||||||||
| Sef, 2022 (33), UK (Europe) | 21 | VV ECMO: 100% | 8 | 62% | 100% | NR | 66.7% | NR |
| Xia, 2021 (34), USA (America) | 58 | VV ECMO: 46.5% | 12 | 84.5% | 78% | 0% VV (*) | NR | 94.7% VV (*) |
| VA ECMO: 53.4% | 4% VA (*) | 83.3% VA (*) | ||||||
| Kim, 2021 (35), South Korea (Asia) | 64 | VV ECMO: 97% | NR | 39.1% | 100% | NR | 76% (awake) | NR |
| VA ECMO: 3% | 46.2% (not awake) | |||||||
| Kukreja, 2020 (36), USA (America) | 62 | VV ECMO: 45% | 9.5 | 45% (*) | 68% | 10% (*) | 97% (*) | NR |
| VA ECMO: 55% | ||||||||
| Hashimoto, 2018 (37), Canada (America) | 34 | VV ECMO: 100% | 12 | 44.1% | 100% | NR | 73.1% (iVV) | NR |
| 90.0% (iVA) | ||||||||
| Banga, 2017 (38), USA (America) | 25 | VV ECMO: 84% | 7 | 64% | 60% | 0% (*) | 93% (*) | NR |
| VA ECMO: 16% | ||||||||
| Hoetzenecker, 2018 (39), Austria (Europe) | 60 | VV ECMO: 43% | 10 | 37% | 100% | 11% | 76% | 68% |
| VA ECMO: 10% | ||||||||
| Other: 47% |
*, on successfully bridged patients. ECLS, extracorporeal life support; LTx, lung transplantation; d, days; y, years; VV, venovenous; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; VA, venoarterial; VAV, veno-arteriovenous; NR, not reported; iVV, intra-operative VV ECMO; iVA, intra-operative VA ECMO.