Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the GDM patients and controls
| Variables | Controls | Patients | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Numbers (n) | 498 | 519 | |
| Maternal age (year) | 29.00 (27.00–32.00) | 31.00 (28.00–34.00) | < .0001 |
| Age < 35 | 422 (84.7) | 392 (75.5) | 0.0002 |
| Age ≥ 35 | 76 (15.3) | 127 (24.5) | |
| Gestational age (week) | 39.00 (39.00–40.00) | 39.00 (38.00–40.00) | < .0001 |
| BMI before pregnancy (kg/m2) | 20.64 (19.00–22.66) | 22.43 (20.20–24.61) | < .0001 |
| Underweight, 18.5 | 91 (18.3) | 54 (11.0) | < .0001 |
| Normal weight, 18.5–23.9 | 339 (68.2) | 283 (57.9) | |
| Overweight, 24.0–27.9 | 54 (10.9) | 106 (21.7) | |
| Obese, ≥ 28 | 13 (2.6) | 46 (9.4) | |
| BMI at enrollment (kg/m2) | 26.95 (24.80–28.91) | 27.93 (25.56–30.41) | < .0001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 116.00 (110.00–122.00) | 120.00 (113.00–126.00) | < .0001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 78.00 (74.00–84.00) | 81.00 (75.00–87.00) | < .0001 |
| Birth weight (g) | 3350.00 (3000.00–3700.00) | 3450.00 (3150.00–3750.00) | 0.0055 |
| Urea (mmol/L) | 3.28 (2.71–3.89) | 3.42 (2.85–4.12) | 0.0031 |
| Creatinine (umol/L) | 48.00 (43.00–54.00) | 48.00 (42.00–56.00) | 0.8988 |
| PT (Sec) | 9.80 (9.50–10.10) | 9.90 (9.60–10.20) | 0.0216 |
| PTA (%) | 108.00 (101.00–116.00) | 107.00 (100.00–115.00) | 0.1272 |
| APTT (Sec) | 29.60 (28.20–31.10) | 29.10 (27.60–31.00) | 0.0087 |
| TT (Sec) | 13.00 (12.40–13.80) | 13.00 (12.50–13.70) | 0.5616 |
| Gravidity (n/%) | 1.00 (1.00–2.00) | 2.00 (1.00–2.00) | 0.0037 |
| 1 | 271 (54.4) | 236 (46.4) | 0.0149 |
| 2 | 137 (27.5) | 148 (29.1) | |
| ≥ 3 | 90 (18.1) | 125 (24.6) |
p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant (bold)
BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, PT prothrombin time, PTA prothrombin activity, APTT activated partial thromboplastin time, TT thrombin time, p p value