Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses of the risk factors for survival in patients with JI GISTs
| Variable | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Age | ||||
| < 45 years | Reference | Reference | ||
| 45–79 years | 2.23 (1.03, 4.83) | 0.043 | 2.12 (0.97, 4.66) | 0.060 |
| ≥ 80 years | 4.73 (1.97, 11.36) | 0.001 | 5.70 (2.32, 13.99) | < 0.001 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | Reference | |||
| Female | 0.78 (0.54, 1.14) | 0.203 | ||
| Race | ||||
| White | Reference | |||
| Black | 0.81 (0.41, 1.62) | 0.555 | ||
| Other/UNK | 1.22 (0.71, 2.07) | 0.473 | ||
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | Reference | |||
| Single | 1.11 (0.70, 1.78) | 0.656 | ||
| Divorced | 2.49 (1.28, 4.87) | 0.007 | ||
| Widowed | 0.92 (0.48, 1.75) | 0.801 | ||
| Other/UNK | 2.17 (0.79, 5.96) | 0.134 | ||
| Year of diagnosis | ||||
| 1990–2003 | Reference | |||
| 2004–2011 | 0.80 (0.53, 1.21) | 0.295 | ||
| 2012–2019 | 0.49 (0.27, 0.88) | 0.018 | ||
| Income | ||||
| < $50,000 | Reference | |||
| $50,000–64,999 | 0.50 (0.25, 1.00) | 0.051 | ||
| ≥ $65,000 | 0.63 (0.43, 0.94) | 0.022 | ||
| Area | ||||
| Metropolitan counties | Reference | |||
| Nonmetropolitan counties | 0.96 (0.54, 1.72) | 0.903 | ||
| Tumor size | ||||
| < 89 mm | Reference | Reference | ||
| ≥ 89 mm | 2.53 (1.71, 3.76) | < 0.001 | 1.74 (1.16, 2.62) | 0.008 |
| T stage | ||||
| T1-2 | Reference | |||
| T3 | 1.42 (0.79, 2.56) | 0.242 | ||
| T4 | 2.99 (1.72, 5.20) | < 0.001 | ||
| N stage | ||||
| N0 | Reference | |||
| N1 | 2.49 (1.46, 4.23) | 0.001 | ||
| M stage | ||||
| M0 | Reference | Reference | ||
| M1 | 4.27 (2.93, 6.21) | < 0.001 | 4.55 (3.07, 6.75) | < 0.001 |
| Grade | ||||
| I | Reference | |||
| II-IV | 3.00 (1.46, 6.17) | 0.003 | ||
| UNK | 2.09 (1.04, 4.22) | 0.040 | ||
| Mitotic rate | ||||
| Low | Reference | Reference | ||
| High | 2.49 (1.26, 4.93) | 0.009 | 2.00 (1.00, 3.98) | 0.049 |
| UNK | 2.14 (1.25, 3.67) | 0.006 | 1.98 (1.15, 3.43) | 0.014 |
| Tumor site | ||||
| Jejunum | Reference | |||
| Ileum | 1.07 (0.74, 1.57) | 0.709 | ||
| Chemotherapy | ||||
| Yes | Reference | |||
| No/UNK | 0.64 (0.44, 0.93) | 0.020 | ||
| Lymphadenectomy | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.43 (0.99, 2.08) | 0.058 | 1.59 (1.09, 2.33) | 0.016 |
| Mode of surgery | ||||
| Radical resection | Reference | Reference | ||
| Local resection | 0.93 (0.64, 1.34) | 0.682 | 0.97 (0.66, 1.41) | 0.858 |
HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, UNK unknown