TABLE 2.

Analysis of the leakage of upright polypropylene infusion bags and non-PVC infusion bags.

Leakage detection scenes	Upright polypropylene			None-PVC			χ 2	p
	Number of leaky bags	Number of used bags	Leakage rate(‱)	Number of leaky bags	Number of used bags	Leakage rate(‱)
All	11	2349899	0.05	394	3301722	1.19	251.84	<0.001
Pre-PIVAS	0	2349899	0	159	3301722	0.48	113.17	<0.001
In-PIVAS	5	2349899	0.02	167	3301563	0.51	105.91	<0.001
Post-PIVAS	6	2349894	0.03	68	3301396	0.21	34.134	<0.001

‱ stands for “one per 10,000”.