Table 3.
Effect of GRP at two concentrations on oxidative load and inflammation markers in whole brain tissue homogenates of MSG -exposed.
| Groups Parameters | Control | MSG -exposed | MSG -exposed + 0.5% GRP | MSG -exposed + 1% GRP | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAT (U/g tissue) | 1.50 ± 0.19c | 0.57 ± 0.07 a | 0.76 ± 0.10b | 0.84 ± 0.11b | 0.000 |
| GSH (mmol/g tissue) | 1.03 ± 0.13 d | 0.35 ± 0.04 a | 0.70 ± 0.08b | 0.83 ± 0.10c | 0.000 |
| GST (U/g tissue) | 5.70 ± 0.71 d | 1.99 ± 0.25 a | 3.93 ± 0.48b | 4.73 ± 0.58c | 0.000 |
| MDA (nmol/g tissue) | 55.23 ± 6.91 a | 137.27 ± 17.16d | 98.00 ± 12.15c | 73.33 ± 9.37b | 0.000 |
| NO (µmol/g tissue) | 37.10 ± 4.61 a | 78.50 ± 9.74c | 58.53 ± 7.57b | 52.13 ± 6.88b | 0.000 |
| TNF-α (pg/mg protein) | 50.12 ± 5.39 a | 170.30 ± 17.20d | 125.00 ± 12.96c |
90.05 ± 9.29b |
0.000 |
The results are displayed as mean ± SD. p < 0.05 is considered significant. The small letter “a” refers to the smallest value. Similar letters in each row are implying partial or complete nonsignificance. GRP; Ginger rhizomes powder, MSG; Monosodium glutamate, CAT; Catalase, GST; Glutathione-S-transferase, GSH; Reduced glutathione, NO; Nitric oxide, MDA; Malondialdehyde, TNF-α; Tumor necrosis factor alpha.