Figure 6.

Schematic of the summary of findings. Resecting fRonO preceding spikes did not result in seizure freedom; thus the SIZ (blue) does not always strongly overlap with the EZ (red). However, fRonO preceding spikes were found in greater proportions in the SOZ, so the SIZ does strongly overlap with the SOZ. Prior to spike initiation (right), a fRonO in the SIZ is generated with increased single unit firing rate relative to a smaller power fRonO in the EZ. Within 300 ms of the fRonO occurring in the SIZ, a fRonS or RonS is generated in the SIZ. This suggests the fRonO may prime the fRonS or RonS (HFO spike, right). Unit firing rate during a fRonS or RonS in the SOZ, outside the SIZ, is relatively more robust compared with the unit firing rate during the fRonS or RonS in the SIZ. The decreased excitability in the SIZ may be due to an inhibitory restraint mechanism that ordinarily prevents fRonS or RonS initiation.