TABLE 1.
Participants' characteristics at baseline.
| Variable | MAG‐EPA (n = 65) | Placebo (n = 65) | Total sample (n = 130) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean, SD) | 64.28 (6.22) | 62.51 (7.37) | 63.39 (6.85) | 0.14 b |
| Education, n (%) | 0.73 c | |||
| High school or less | 24 (36.92) | 19 (29.23) | 43 (33.08) | 0.42 e |
| Postsecondary diploma | 18 (27.69) | 25 (38.46) | 43 (33.08) | |
| University degree | 21 (32.31) | 20 (30.77) | 41 (31.53) | |
| Missing | 2 (3.08) | 1 (1.54) | 3 (2.31) | |
| PSA at randomization (ng/mL; mean, SD) | 8.74 (9.33) | 6.64 (5.53) | 7.69 (7.71) | 0.19 d |
| Biopsy Gleason, n (%) | 0.03 e | |||
| 7 (3 + 4), grade group 2 | 31 (47.69) | 41 (63.08) | 72 (55.38) | |
| 7 (4 + 3), grade group 3 | 17 (26.15) | 18 (27.69) | 35 (26.92) | |
| 8, grade group 4 | 13 (20.00) | 5 (7.69) | 18 (13.85) | |
| 9, grade group 5 | 4 (6.15) | 1 (1.54) | 5 (3.85) | |
| Cancer stage n (%) | 0.07 e | |||
| T2a or less | 52 (80.00) | 59 (90.77) | 111 (85.38) | |
| T2b or T2c | 4 (6.15) | 3 (4.62) | 7 (5.38) | |
| T3 or more | 9 (13.85) | 3 (4.62) | 12 (9.23) | |
| NCCN risk, n (%) | 0.04 e | |||
| Intermediate | 45 (69.23) | 55 (84.62) | 100 (76.92) | |
| High | 20 (30.77) | 10 (15.38) | 30 (23.08) | |
| Total n‐3 a (mean, SD) | 7.40 (1.17) | 7.40 (1.02) | 7.40 (1.09) | 0.98 b |
| LCn‐3 a (mean, SD) | 7.10 (1.16) | 7.11 (1.02) | 7.10 (1.09) | 0.94 b |
| EPA a (mean, SD) | 0.73 (0.23) | 0.80 (0.25) | 0.76 (0.24) | 0.03 d |
| Total n‐6 a (mean, SD) | 26.44 (1.48) | 26.61 (1.39) | 26.52 (1.43) | 0.49 b |
| n‐3/n‐6 ratio a (mean, SD) | 0.28 (0.06) | 0.28 (0.05) | 0.28 (0.06) | 0.82 b |
Abbreviations: LCn‐3, long chain omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; MAG‐EPA, monoacylglyceride‐conjugated eicosapentaenoic acid; n‐3, omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; n‐6, omega‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids; NCCN, National Comprehensive Cancer Network; PSA, prostate‐specific antigen.
a
Fatty acid profile in red blood cell membranes of fasted patients is expressed as a percentage of total fatty acids, and measured at study baseline using gaz‐chromatography mass spectrometry.
b
T‐test.
c
Cochran‐Mantel–Haenszel test excluding missing values.
d
Wilcoxon test.
e
Cochran‐Mantel–Haenszel test.