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. 2023 Oct 20;23:229. doi: 10.1186/s12902-023-01471-7

Table 1.

Demographics of young adult participants with type 1 diabetes

Characteristics Participants (n = 14)
Age (years), median [range] 21 [18–25]
Gender, n (%)
Female 10 (71)
Male 4 (29)
Prioritized ethnicity, n (%)
New Zealand European 12 (86)
Māori a 2 (14)
Socioeconomic deprivation index b, median [range] 3 [1–5]
Duration of diabetes (years), median [range] 14.5 [8–21]
Duration of alcohol consumption (years), median [range] 5 [2–9]
HbA1c (mmol/mol) c, median [range] 60 [36–90]
HbA1c (%) c, median [range] 7.6 [5.4–10.4]
Insulin regimen, n (%)
CSII / MDI 12 (86) / 2 (14)
Glucose monitoring method, n (%)
CBGT 6 (43)
rtCGM 5 (36)d
isCGM 3 (21)
Prioritised occupation, n (%)
Student e 10 (71)
Form of employment f 4 (29)

CSII, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. MDI, multiple daily injections. CBGT, capillary blood glucose testing. rtCGM, real-time continuous glucose monitoring. isCGM, intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring. a Māori are the indigenous people of New Zealand. b Calculated by The New Zealand Deprivation Index (2018) which provides quintiles of socioeconomic status calculated using established data from home addresses with 1 representing the least deprived and 5 being the most deprived [27]. c Data was self-reported. d Three of these participants were using an advanced hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery system e Classified as an individual studying, at the time of the interview, at either a secondary or tertiary institution. f Employment refers to either part-time or full-time