Table 2.
Outcome variables for patients with dementia admitted to the ICU or non-ICU hospital settings
| Variables | ICU (n = 11,341) | Non-ICU (n = 103,503) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| ICU Length of stay, mean (SD) | 4.65 (11.7) | N/A | < 0.001 |
| Acute Care Length of stay, mean (SD) | 13.6 (21.2) | 7.82 (10.4) | < 0.001 |
| Total Hospital Length of stay, mean (SD) | 19.6 (43.2) | 14.0 (34.8) | < 0.001 |
| ALC Length of stay, mean (SD) | 6.05 (32.8) | 6.12 (31.4) | 0.81 |
| Palliative care involvement, n (%) | 112 (1.0%) | 1,766 (1.7%) | < 0.001 |
| Delirium, n (%) | 2,140 (18.9%) | 19,728 (19.1%) | 0.62 |
| Procedures/interventions, n (%) | |||
|
Invasive mechanical ventilation Dialysis Feeding tube Bronchoscopy CPR Non-invasive mechanical ventilation Defibrillation PCI |
3,021 (26.6%) 311 (2.7%) 543 (4.8%) 206 (1.8%) 309 (2.7%) 523 (4.6%) 150 (1.3%) 485 (4.3%) |
392 (0.4%) 762 (0.7%) 632 (0.6%) 60 (0.1%) 136 (0.1%) 280 (0.3%) 56 (0.1%) 363 (0.4%) |
< 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 |
| Discharge Disposition, n (%) | |||
|
Discharged to CCC/Rehab Discharged to LTC Discharged to Home with Homecare Discharged to Home without Homecare Death in Hospital |
1,515 (13.4%) 2,056 (18.1%) 3,566 (31.4%) 1,687 (14.9%) 2,517 (22.2%) |
11,325 (10.9%) 24,727 (23.9%) 43,018 (41.6%) 15,295 (14.8%) 9,138 (8.8%) |
< 0.001 |
| Survival, n (%) | |||
|
Survival at discharge 3 month survival post discharge 6 month survival post discharge 12 month survival post discharge |
8,824 (77.8%) 7,556 (66.6%) 7,071 (62.3%) 6,332 (55.8%) |
94,365 (91.2%) 80,482 (77.8%) 74,833 (72.3%) 65,899 (63.7%) |
< 0.001 0.39 0.06 < 0.001 |
| Home time, mean (SD) | |||
|
Days at home Days at an institution Total number of days |
192.7 (162.7) 103.2 (138.5) 295.9 (123.9) |
178.3 (161.5) 114.7 (143.4) 293.0 (124.8) |
< 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 |
| Hospital admissions pre-index admission, n (%) | |||
|
0 1 2+ |
8,895 (78.4%) 1,583 (14.0%) 863 (7.6%) |
81,381 (78.6%) 14,702 (14.2%) 7,420 (7.2%) |
< 0.001 |
| ED visits pre-index admission, n (%) | |||
|
0 1 2+ |
3,873 (34.2%) 3,330 (29.4%) 4,138 (36.5%) |
29,272 (28.3%) 31,069 (30.0%) 43,162 (41.7%) |
< 0.001 |
| Hospital re-admissions post-index admission, n (%) | |||
|
0 1 2+ |
7,368 (65.0%) 2,413 (21.3%) 1,560 (13.8%) |
63,588 (61.4%) 24,903 (24.1%) 15,012 (14.5%) |
<0.001 |
| ICU re-admissions post-index admission, n (%) | |||
|
0 1 2+ |
10,216 (90.1%) 944 (8.3%) 181 (1.6%) |
98,408 (95.1%) 4,626 (4.5%) 469 (0.5%) |
< 0.001 |
| Outpatient admissions post-index admission, n (%) | |||
|
0 1 2+ |
10,195 (89.9%) 852 (7.5%) 294 (2.6%) |
93,427 (90.3%) 7,269 (7.0%) 2,807 (2.7%) |
< 0.001 |
| Number of ED visits post-index admission, n (%) | |||
|
0 1 2+ |
5,744 (50.6%) 2,239 (19.7%) 3358 (29.6%) |
45,989 (44.4%) 23,948 (23.1%) 33,566 (32.4%) |
0.07 |
Notes: Length of stay (LOS) is represented by mean days (standard deviation). Acute Care LOS is defined as time spent in hospital outside of ALC (alternative level of care) days. Total hospital LOS is the sum total acute care LOS and ALC LOS. A one-year lookback period before index admission date is used to determine the number of hospital admissions or ED visits pre-index admission. A one-year follow up period after index admission date is used to determine the number of ICU re-admissions, hospital re-admissions or ED visits post-index admission. PCI=percutaneous coronary intervention; CPR=cardiopulmonary resuscitation; CCC=complex continuing care; LTC=long term care; ED=emergency department