Table 2.
Factors associated with the haemoglobin concentrations at baseline, day of nadir, and on day 42 in 1137 patients and changes over time
| Variables | Multivariable analysis | |
|---|---|---|
| Slope (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Baseline haemoglobin (aR2 0.2534) | ||
| Age (years) | 0.15 (0.11, 0.19) | < 0.001 |
| Length of illness before treatment (days) | − 0.16 (− 0.23, − 0.09) | < 0.001 |
| Mid-upper arm circumference (cm) | 0.10 (0.04, 0.16) | 0.001 |
| Splenomegaly vs normal (reference) | − 1.07 (− 1.28, − 0.87) | < 0.001 |
| Sickle cell status | ||
| HbSSa vs. HbAA (reference) | − 1.74 (− 3.33, − 0.16) | 0.031 |
| Thalassaemia status | ||
| − α/ − α vs. αα/αα (reference) | − 0.67 (− 0.96, − 0.37) | < 0.001 |
| G6PD status | ||
| Heterozygous female vs. G6PD normal (reference) | − 0.30 (− 0.59, − 0.01) | 0.043 |
| Deficient vs. G6PD normal (reference) | − 0.34 (− 0.55, − 0.14) | 0.001 |
| Nadir haemoglobinb (aR2: 0.7299) | ||
| Age (years) | 0.07 (0.05, 0.10) | < 0.001 |
| Length of illness before treatment (days) | − 0.10 (− 0.15, − 0.06) | < 0.001 |
| Baseline haemoglobin (g/dL) | 0.72 (0.68, 0.75) | < 0.001 |
| Sickle cell status | ||
| HbAS v HbAA (reference) | 0.25 (0.10, 0.40) | < 0.001 |
| Log of baseline parasitaemia | − 0.10 (− 0.12, − 0.08) | < 0.001 |
| Fractional fall (%) in haemoglobin (aR2: 0.2149) | ||
| Age (years) | − 0.70 (− 0.93, − 0.47) | < 0.001 |
| Length of illness before treatment (days) | 0.98 (0.56, 1.41) | < 0.001 |
| Baseline haemoglobin (g/dL) | 1.39 (1.04, 1.73) | < 0.001 |
| Sickle cell status | ||
| HbAS v HbAA (reference) | − 2.28 (− 3.66, − 0.91) | 0.001 |
| Log of baseline parasitaemia | 0.96 (0.78, 1.14) | < 0.001 |
| Total malaria attributable fraction (aR2: 0.5841) | ||
| Age (years) | 0.11 (0.08, 0.14) | < 0.001 |
| Length of illness before treatment (days) | 0.57 (0.004, 0.11) | 0.035 |
| Fractional fall (%) in haemoglobin | − 0.81 (− 0.89, − 0.74) | < 0.001 |
| Baseline haemoglobin (g/dL) | 0.07 (0.10, 0.14) | 0.024 |
| Sickle cell status | ||
| HbSSa vs. HbAA (reference) | − 2.18 (− 3.97, − 0.39) | 0.017 |
| G6PD status | ||
| Deficient vs. G6PD normal (reference) | 0.18 (0.04, 0.32) | 0.014 |
| Log of baseline parasitaemia | 0.03 (0.01, 0.06) | < 0.001 |
| Day 42 haemoglobin concentration (aR2: 0.3372) | ||
| Age (years) | 0.13 (0.11, 0.15) | < 0.001 |
| Haemoglobin fractional fall (%) | 0.18 (0.11, 0.25) | < 0.001 |
| G6PD status | ||
| Deficient vs. G6PD normal (reference) | 0.21 (0.07, 0.35) | 0.003 |
| Sickle cell status | ||
| HbSSa vs. HbAA (reference) | − 2.81 (− 4.12, − 1.51) | < 0.001 |
| Thalassaemia status | ||
| − α/αα vs. αα/αα (reference) | − 0.13 (− 0.25, − 0.01) | 0.031 |
| − α/ − α vs. αα/αα (reference) | − 0.37 (− 0.58, − 0.17) | < 0.001 |
| Late treatment failure vs. ACPR (reference) | − 0.39 (− 0.56, − 0.21) | < 0.001 |
| Haemoglobin recovery by Day 42 (AIC: 752.92) | ||
| Age (years) | 1.26 (1.17, 1.35) | < 0.001 |
| Baseline haemoglobin (g/dL) | 0.17 (0.13, 0.22) | < 0.001 |
| Haemoglobin fractional fall (%) | 1.76 (1.43, 2.17) | < 0.001 |
| G6PD status | ||
| Deficient vs. G6PD normal (reference) | 1.68 (1.01, 2.78) | 0.046 |
aN = 3 patients
bMean Hb (SD) 8.6 (1.5) g/dL (age < 5 years) vs. 9.8 (1.3) g/dL (age 5–11 years), p < 0.001