Table 3.
Summary statistics using ordinal logistic regression of adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% Confidence interval (CI) for individual, socio-environmental and coping strategy variables in association with food insecurity
| Food insecurity (No/mild = 0, Moderate = 1, Severe = 2) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| AOR (95% CI) | p-Value | ||
| Individual factors | |||
| Age of adolescents | Early adolescence (12–14 years) | 1.658 (1.101–2.498) | 0.016 |
| Late adolescence (15–18 years) | Reference | ||
| Adolescent sex | Male | 1.416 (0.924–2.169) | 0.110 |
| Female | Reference | ||
| Adolescent education level | No education-some primary(1–5) | 1.525 (1.011–2.302) | 0.044 |
| Some secondary(6–12) | Reference | ||
| Adolescent work status | Not working | 5.365 (2.265–12.711) | < 0.001 |
| Working | Reference | ||
| Socio-environmental factors | |||
| No. of household members | >=5 | 1.734 (1.043–2.881) | 0.034 |
| < 5 | Reference | ||
| Household head sex | Female | 4.728 (1.958–11.413) | 0.001 |
| Male | Reference | ||
| Household head education |
No education Some primary |
2.590 (1.146–5.856) 4.232 (1.682–10.646) |
0.022 0.002 |
| Some secondary | Reference | ||
| No. of household earning members | 1 earning member | 2.593 (1.594–4.216) | < 0.001 |
| > 1 earning member | Reference | ||
| Father work status | Not working | 2.988 (1.450–6.156) | 0.003 |
| Working | Reference | ||
| Household status | Neither self-owned nor rented | 4.973 (2.843–8.697) | < 0.001 |
| Rented | 3.402 (1.810–6.396) | < 0.001 | |
| Self-owned | Reference | ||
| No. of household assets | 1 asset | 12.799 (4.035–40.596) | 0.001 |
| (savings, jewelry, electronics | no assets | 39.653 (13.047–120.517) | 0.001 |
| /home appliances, vehicles) | >=2 asset | Reference | |
| Food aid received in pandemic | Some food aid | 2.561 (1.425–4.604) | 0.002 |
| No food aid | Reference | ||
| History of COVID 19 infection in family | Yes | 4.697 (2.023–10.903) | < 0.001 |
| No | Reference | ||
| Coping strategies | |||
| Food seeking strategy | 3rd tertile (6–14) | 3.353 (1.897–5.926) | 0.001 |
| 2nd tertile (5–6) | 2.582 (1.602–4.159) | < 0.001 | |
| 1st tertile (0–4) | Reference | ||
| Stopped school due to lack of food/money | Yes | 3.300 (1.921–5.669) | < 0.001 |
| No | Reference | ||
| No. of substance used last month | Two or more | 6.186 (1.209–31.642) | 0.029 |
| At least one | 0.555 (0.297–1.039) | 0.066 | |
| None | Reference | ||
Abbreviations: SD – Standard Deviation, AOR – Adjusted Odds Ratio, CI – Confidence Interval