Table 2.
Baseline clinical characteristics of participants with T2D according to the kidney failure outcome
| Characteristic | Kidney failure (n = 67) |
No kidney failure (n = 118) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 42.5 ± 9.4 | 43.0 ± 11.0 | 0.7649 |
| Female | 40 (60) | 71 (60) | 0.9502 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 14.6 (9.6–18.0) | 6.5 (0.1–11.9) | <0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34 ± 8 | 35 ± 8 | 0.1796 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 126 ± 18 | 123 ± 16 | 0.3815 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 81 ± 11 | 76 ± 10 | 0.0015 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 96 ± 13 | 92 ± 11 | 0.0189 |
| Hypertension drug use* | 9 (13) | 10 (8) | 0.2856 |
| HbA1c | |||
| % | 10.6 ± 1.7 | 8.0 ± 2.3 | <0.0001 |
| mmol/mol | 92 ± 20 | 64 ± 25 | |
| GFR (mL/min) | 147 ± 53 | 147 ± 41 | 0.9902 |
| Urine ACR (mg/g) | 240 (50–1,515) | 19 (8–61) | <0.0001 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 41 (38–44) | 41 (39–44) | 0.9166 |
| Total plasma protein (g/dL) | 6.6 ± 0.6 | 6.8 ± 0.4 | 0.0003 |
| Effective RPF (mL/min) | 784 ± 228 | 767 ± 214 | 0.6116 |
| Filtration fraction | 0.19 ± 0.04 | 0.20 ± 0.04 | 0.1952 |
| Renal blood flow (mL/min) | 1,371 ± 417 | 1,296 ± 408 | 0.2555 |
| Renal vascular resistance (mmHg/L/min) | 0.079 ± 0.031 | 0.080 ± 0.035 | 0.8851 |
| PGLO (mmHg) | 60.4 ± 9.8 | 62.1 ± 7.7 | 0.2267 |
| RA (dyne ⋅ s/cm5) | 2,561 ± 1,925 | 2,272 ± 1,728 | 0.3287 |
| RE (dyne ⋅ s/cm5) | 1,609 ± 406 | 1,724 ± 457 | 0.1041 |
| RA/RE ratio | 1.81 ± 1.58 | 1.37 ± 1.00 | 0.0546 |
| Mean pore radius of restrictive pores (u) (Å) | 49.8 ± 3.3 | 50.2 ± 3.7 | 0.4183 |
| Breadth of log-normal distribution of restrictive pores (s) | 1.13 ± 0.03 | 1.12 ± 0.04 | 0.4568 |
| Shunt parameter (ω0) | 0.00267 ± 0.00092 | 0.00203 ± 0.00078 | <0.0001 |
Data are mean ± SD, median (IQR), or n (%). P values for statistically significant differences are shown in bold. Missing data are listed in the footnote to Table 1.
*
One of the 19 individuals receiving an antihypertensive medicine at baseline was receiving an ACE inhibitor.