Table 1.
Demographics of 16 512 respondents and descriptive statistics of measurement items
| Variables | Mean (n) | SD (%) |
|---|---|---|
|
Demographics
| ||
| Age, years | ||
|
18-24
|
4857 |
29.4% |
|
25-29
|
2345 |
14.2% |
|
30-34
|
1931 |
11.7% |
|
35-39
|
1855 |
11.2% |
|
40-44
|
1427 |
8.6% |
|
45-49
|
1157 |
7.0% |
|
50-54
|
975 |
5.9% |
|
55-59
|
667 |
4.0% |
|
60-64
|
699 |
4.2% |
|
> = 65
|
599 |
3.6% |
| Country | ||
|
Australia
|
639 |
3.9% |
|
Brazil
|
553 |
3.3% |
|
Burundi
|
369 |
2.2% |
|
Canada
|
368 |
2.2% |
|
Chile
|
342 |
2.1% |
|
Egypt
|
461 |
2.8% |
|
Guatemala
|
229 |
1.4% |
|
Hong Kong
|
2127 |
12.9% |
|
India
|
529 |
3.2% |
|
Indonesia
|
482 |
2.9% |
|
Italy
|
203 |
1.2% |
|
Lebanon
|
440 |
2.7% |
|
Libya
|
645 |
3.9% |
|
Macau
|
250 |
1.5% |
|
Mainland China
|
667 |
4.0% |
|
Malaysia
|
535 |
3.2% |
|
Mexico
|
1016 |
6.2% |
|
Nigeria
|
590 |
3.6% |
|
Philippines
|
457 |
2.8% |
|
Republic of the Sudan
|
538 |
3.3% |
|
Rwanda
|
150 |
0.9% |
|
Saudi Arabia
|
631 |
3.8% |
|
Singapore
|
237 |
1.4% |
|
South Africa
|
198 |
1.2% |
|
South Korea
|
2238 |
13.6% |
|
Spain
|
51 |
0.3% |
|
Thailand
|
723 |
4.4% |
|
United Kingdom
|
212 |
1.3% |
|
United States
|
213 |
1.3% |
|
Vietnam
|
419 |
2.5% |
| Marital status | ||
|
Married/cohabitation/common-law
|
7275 |
44.1% |
|
Single
|
8504 |
51.5% |
|
Separated/divorced/widowed
|
732 |
4.4% |
|
Missing data
|
1 |
0.0% |
| Education | ||
|
Primary or below
|
405 |
2.5% |
|
Secondary
|
2627 |
15.9% |
|
Associate degree
|
1576 |
9.5% |
|
Bachelor
|
6500 |
39.4% |
|
College
|
2258 |
13.7% |
|
Graduate
|
2974 |
18.0% |
|
Missing
|
172 |
1.0% |
| Employment | ||
|
Job seeking
|
885 |
5.4% |
|
Laid off
|
170 |
1.0% |
|
Not in workforce
|
990 |
6.0% |
|
Retired
|
614 |
3.7% |
|
Self-employed
|
1309 |
7.9% |
|
Student
|
4589 |
27.8% |
|
Working (> = 40 h/week)
|
5196 |
31.5% |
|
Working (1-39 h/week)
|
2759 |
16.71% |
| Lifestyles and interim health outcomes* | ||
|
Food types in daily meals (L1)
|
3.01 |
0.87 |
|
Consumption of fruits and vegetables (L2)
|
3.15 |
0.90 |
|
Less consumption of frozen food/food products (L3)
|
2.99 |
0.97 |
|
Less consumption of snacks (L4)
|
3.04 |
1.00 |
|
Less soft drinks/juices/other sugary drinks (L5)
|
3.20 |
1.03 |
|
Having a meal at home (L6)
|
3.86 |
0.99 |
|
Cooking at home (L7)
|
3.80 |
0.98 |
|
Less eating takeout food (L8)
|
3.05 |
1.19 |
|
Taking alternative medicine or natural health products (L9)
|
2.90 |
0.91 |
|
Taking oral supplements/vitamins (L10)
|
3.06 |
0.93 |
|
Less smoking tobacco (L11)
|
3.37 |
0.94 |
|
Less alcohol consumption (L12)
|
3.38 |
0.96 |
|
Less duration of sitting (L13)
|
2.35 |
0.98 |
|
Less duration of screen time (L14)
|
2.26 |
0.98 |
|
Frequency of exercise (L15)
|
2.81 |
1.08 |
|
Duration of exercise (L16)
|
2.78 |
1.07 |
|
Type of exercise (L17)
|
2.78 |
1.03 |
|
Overall amount of exercise (L18)
|
2.77 |
1.07 |
|
Lose weight (H1)
|
2.79 |
0.90 |
|
Appetite (H2)
|
3.13 |
0.83 |
|
Physical health (H3)
|
2.91 |
0.80 |
|
Sleep quality (H4)
|
2.86 |
0.96 |
|
Quality of life (H5)
|
2.71 |
0.98 |
|
Less mental burden (H6)
|
2.60 |
1.07 |
|
Less emotional distress (H7)
|
2.63 |
1.04 |
|
Family disputes (H8)
|
3.10 |
0.87 |
|
Social support provided (H9)
|
3.09 |
0.86 |
|
Social support received (H10)
|
2.97 |
0.84 |
|
Social activities (H11)
|
2.36 |
1.06 |
|
Income (H12)
|
2.65 |
0.93 |
| Less economic burden (H13) | 2.76 | 1.01 |
SD – standard deviation, h – hours
*Scored on a 5-point Likert scale: 1 = substantially reduced; 3 = no change; 5 = substantially increased.