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. 2023 Oct 5;14:1184185. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1184185

Table 4.

Structured-equation-model results.

Hypotheses Relationship among constructs β Sample mean S.D. T-values F square p-values LLCI 2.5% ULCI 97.5% Remarks
Direct effect
H1 Students’ attitude toward uses of the Internet - > English language learning 0.200 0.202 0.040 4.958 0.087 0.000 0.127 0.283 Supported
H2 Students’ attitude toward uses of the Internet - > Academic self-efficacy 0.482 0.485 0.044 11.065 0.303 0.000 0.396 0.567 Supported
H3 Academic self-efficacy - > English language learning 0.685 0.684 0.034 20.009 0.990 0.000 0.614 0.746 Supported
Indirect effect (mediation analysis)
H4 Students’ attitude toward uses of the Internet - > Academic self-efficacy - > English language learning 0.331 0.332 0.032 10.274 0.000 0.270 0.396 Supported