Table 3.

Pre- and post-training survey results for Bhutanese MHFA trainees, by participation in culturally-appropriate orientation to mental health terminology and concepts

	Orientation			No Orientation
	Pre-test score	Post-test score	Change	Pre-test score	Post-test score	Change
Schizophrenia
Correct recognition (%)	7.2	79.6	72.4	6.2	58.7	52.5
First aid response	1.1	5.8	4.8	1.1	4.5	3.4
Confidence helping	1.6	4.2	2.6	1.7	4.2	2.6
Stigma	19.0	29.6	10.6	18.9	28.5	9.6
Depression
Correct recognition (%)	37.7	90.3	52.7	32.3	79.9	47.6
First aid response	1.2	5.9	4.7	1.2	4.6	3.5
Confidence helping	1.9	4.5	2.6	1.8	4.5	2.7
Stigma	19.6	29.6	10.0	19.0	28.3	9.3
Mental health literacy	6.3	13.2	6.8	5.9	10.6	4.7

First aid response (ALGEE) was scored 0–10 with higher scores corresponding to a more appropriate MHFA response to someone with symptoms of schizophrenia or depression. Confidence helping (self-reported) was scored 1–5, with 1 indicating “not at all” confident helping someone with symptoms of schizophrenia or depression and 5 indicating “extremely” confident. Stigma was scored 7–35 with higher scores corresponding to less negative and stigmatizing beliefs about individuals with symptoms of schizophrenia or depression. Mental health literacy was scored 0–21 with high scores indicating greater familiarly with conventional US mental health diagnoses, concepts, and norms.