Table 2.
Summary data and hazard ratios (HRs) from Cox proportional hazards models to predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence by adipokine group*
| Model | No.† | Total no. of events† | Total time at risk, person-years† | IR per 1,000 personyears† | Fully-adjusted model for high adipokine level, HR (95% CI)‡ | P | Harrell C statistic, without/with adipokine |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VTE | |||||||
| Adiponectin | 2,583 | 84 | 19,360 | 4.34 | 1.00 (0.65–1.55) | 1.00 | 0.69/0.69 |
| Leptin | 2,580 | 84 | 19,352 | 4.34 | 1.71 (0.94–3.09) | 0.08 | 0.74/0.74 |
| FGF-21 | 2,580 | 84 | 19,352 | 4.34 | 1.25 (0.85–1.84) | 0.26 | 0.71/0.71 |
| HF hospitalization | |||||||
| Adiponectin | 2,583 | 120 | 19,295 | 6.22 | 1.39 (1.07–1.79) | 0.01 | 0.76/0.76 |
| Leptin | 2,583 | 120 | 19,295 | 6.22 | 0.95 (0.65–1.38) | 0.78 | 0.76/0.75 |
| FGF-21 | 2,583 | 120 | 19,295 | 6.22 | 0.81 (0.56–1.18) | 0.27 | 0.77/0.77 |
| Stroke | |||||||
| Adiponectin | 2,583 | 91 | 19,170 | 4.75 | 0.95 (0.74–1.22) | 0.68 | 0.66/0.66 |
| Leptin | 2,583 | 91 | 19,170 | 4.75 | 0.86 (0.59–1.26) | 0.44 | 0.66/0.66 |
| FGF-21 | 2,583 | 91 | 19,170 | 4.75 | 1.06 (0.68–1.64) | 0.80 | 0.69/0.69 |
| CAD | |||||||
| Adiponectin | 2,583 | 209 | 18,626 | 11.22 | 0.88 (0.75–1.03) | 0.11 | 0.68/0.68 |
| Leptin | 2,580 | 209 | 18,618 | 11.23 | 0.79 (0.59–1.07) | 0.13 | 0.69/0.69 |
| FGF-21 | 2,580 | 209 | 18,618 | 11.23 | 0.75 (0.58–0.97) | 0.03 | 0.70/0.70 |
| CVD-related death | |||||||
| Adiponectin | 2,583 | 218 | 19,585 | 11.13 | 1.49 (1.16–1.92) | 0.002 | 0.77/0.79 |
| Leptin | 2,580 | 218 | 19,577 | 11.14 | 1.44 (1.05–1.97) | 0.02 | 0.77/0.79 |
| FGF-21 | 2,369 | 215 | 19,142 | 11.23 | 1.20 (0.79–1.82) | 0.39 | 0.79/0.80 |
95% CI = 95% confidence interval; CAD = coronary artery disease; FGF-21 = fibroblast growth factor 21; HF = heart failure; HR = hazard ratio; IR = incidence rate; VTE = venous thromboembolism.
Number, total number of events, total time at risk, and IR differ slightly between some models predicting the same CVD outcome due to different covariates and missing data within corresponding final models.
Final models were developed by first including the covariates from minimally adjusted models and all variables found to be moderately associated (P < 0.1) with each adipokine at baseline, and then eliminating variables using stepwise deletion. In the stepwise deletion process, covariates were sequentially removed from final models if they were not associated with the outcome (P > 0.05) and their removal did not alter the HR for the exposure of interest by >15% (see Supplementary Table 2, available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/acr.24885).