Table 2.
Post/pre change in 44 named metabolites at p < 0.01 with HC treatment.
| Post/pre HC-treated | Post/pre control | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chemical name | Mean | SD | p | Mean | SD | p |
| 17α-Hydroxypregnanolone glucuronide | 0.48 | 0.25 | 0.000003 | 0.79 | 0.55 | 0.218 |
| 16α-Hydroxy DHEA 3-sulfate | 0.63 | 0.87 | 0.00047 | 0.93 | 0.69 | 0.253 |
| 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutarate | 0.77 | 0.30 | 0.00052 | 1.16 | 0.65 | 0.701 |
| N-acetyl-3-methylhistidine | 0.64 | 0.32 | 0.00082 | 0.80 | 0.32 | 0.044* |
| Trigonelline (N’-methylnicotinate) | 0.68 | 0.26 | 0.00086 | 1.05 | 0.49 | 0.701 |
| 6-Sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine | 0.57 | 0.30 | 0.00092 | 1.04 | 0.70 | 0.475 |
| 11-Ketoetiocholanolone sulfate | 0.69 | 1.28 | 0.00100 | 0.78 | 0.31 | 0.045* |
| Cortisol glucuronide | 1.99 | 1.06 | 0.00169 | 1.04 | 0.70 | 0.873 |
| Cyclo(pro-hydroxypro) | 0.54 | 0.30 | 0.00189 | 1.01 | 0.53 | 0.740 |
| Androsteroid monosulfate | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.00205 | 0.89 | 0.45 | 0.341 |
| Myo-inositol | 0.70 | 0.68 | 0.00226 | 1.36 | 1.21 | 0.460 |
| Tigloylglycine | 2.80 | 1.49 | 0.00231 | 1.24 | 0.76 | 0.975 |
| Phenylacetyltaurine | 0.55 | 0.60 | 0.00248 | 0.87 | 0.84 | 0.051 |
| Mevalonolactone | 0.76 | 0.29 | 0.00271 | 0.95 | 0.61 | 0.733 |
| 2-Pentenoylglycine | 3.26 | 2.58 | 0.00296 | 1.06 | 0.64 | 0.722 |
| 11β-Hydroxyandrosterone glucuronide | 0.85 | 1.82 | 0.00305 | 1.15 | 1.23 | 0.630 |
| Androstenediol (3a, 17a) monosulfate | 0.59 | 0.55 | 0.00310 | 1.74 | 2.30 | 0.400 |
| Lyxonate | 0.67 | 0.35 | 0.00323 | 1.05 | 0.71 | 0.495 |
| 2-Pyrrolidinone | 0.68 | 0.31 | 0.00332 | 0.97 | 0.47 | 0.418 |
| Furaneol sulfate | 0.71 | 0.37 | 0.00365 | 0.96 | 0.55 | 0.818 |
| 5-(Galactosylhydroxy)-L-lysine | 0.55 | 0.31 | 0.00420 | 1.30 | 0.97 | 0.630 |
| Isobutyrylglycine | 3.05 | 2.33 | 0.00422 | 0.99 | 0.35 | 0.694 |
| Phenylacetylthreonine | 0.71 | 0.92 | 0.00445 | 0.75 | 0.54 | 0.045* |
| Pregnenetriol sulfate | 0.86 | 0.82 | 0.00481 | 1.23 | 0.58 | 0.269 |
| Diacetylspermidine | 0.74 | 0.32 | 0.00516 | 0.95 | 0.46 | 0.629 |
| Delta-CEHC sulfate | 0.76 | 0.38 | 0.00562 | 0.73 | 0.30 | 0.016* |
| 4-Acetamidobutanoate | 0.70 | 0.32 | 0.00567 | 0.98 | 0.49 | 0.481 |
| 1-Methylnicotinamide | 0.75 | 0.26 | 0.00631 | 1.00 | 0.38 | 0.414 |
| 2-Methylbutyrylglycine | 2.99 | 2.56 | 0.00633 | 1.62 | 1.08 | 0.092 |
| o-Cresol sulfate | 0.76 | 0.80 | 0.00688 | 0.74 | 0.38 | 0.014* |
| Symmetric dimethylarginine | 0.68 | 0.32 | 0.00690 | 0.98 | 0.73 | 0.602 |
| Isovalerylglycine | 2.95 | 2.68 | 0.00698 | 1.13 | 0.51 | 0.763 |
| Erythronate | 0.75 | 0.22 | 0.00708 | 0.98 | 0.37 | 0.552 |
| Indoleacetylglutamine | 3.04 | 2.17 | 0.00709 | 1.45 | 0.93 | 0.265 |
| 3’-Sialyllactose | 0.61 | 0.31 | 0.00741 | 1.17 | 0.88 | 0.502 |
| Glucuronide of C8H14O2 | 0.72 | 0.39 | 0.00747 | 2.33 | 3.97 | 0.413 |
| 3-Hydroxyadipate | 0.61 | 0.40 | 0.00750 | 1.00 | 0.58 | 0.251 |
| 3-Methylcrotonylglycine | 4.10 | 4.71 | 0.00774 | 1.51 | 1.37 | 0.750 |
| Tetrahydrocortisone | 3.17 | 1.71 | 0.00786 | 1.38 | 1.17 | 0.500 |
| 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol | 0.89 | 0.87 | 0.00809 | 1.00 | 0.64 | 0.691 |
| Isovalerylglutamine | 4.52 | 5.95 | 0.00814 | 1.29 | 1.21 | 0.824 |
| Nicotinamide riboside | 0.83 | 0.53 | 0.00880 | 1.08 | 0.36 | 0.755 |
| Glycerophosphoserine | 0.68 | 0.28 | 0.00887 | 1.28 | 1.51 | 0.298 |
| Orotidine | 0.67 | 0.31 | 0.00972 | 0.90 | 0.48 | 0.142 |
Results are for 44 named (identified) biochemicals with p < 0.01 and detectable levels in >70% of all samples. Data for an additional 16 unnamed metabolites and 3 metabolites (glycerolphosphoinositol, furosemide, vanillate glucuronide) with <70% detection rate in the post/pre samples are not shown. Pre value for HC-treated infants is abundance of metabolite in a urine sample obtained 0–2 days before starting HC and post value is abundance in the first urine sample available at least 2 days after starting HC. The same approach was used for selecting samples at comparable ages in control infants. p value determined by paired t-test comparing normalized metabolite abundance in the post and pre samples for each infant.
*Five biochemicals with post/pre p value <0.05 in control infants.