Table 1.
GeneGene | Protein Function | ESRP regulation | Clinical relevance |
---|---|---|---|
ADAM15 | Transmembrane glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion | Activates inclusion of exon 20 | ESRP controls poorer prognosis isoform |
MINK1 | Serine/threonine kinase | Activates inclusion of exon 18 | ESRP controls poorer prognosis isoform |
MYO1B | Motor protein | Represses exon 23 | ESRP controls poorer prognosis isoform |
NUMB | Tumour suppressor | Activates inclusion of exon 6 | NUMB exon 6 shows more skipping in primary prostate tumours |
MLPH | Rab effector protein | Represses exon 9 | ESRP controls poorer prognosis isoform |
MYH10 | Non-muscle actin dependent myosin | Represses exon 6 | ESRP controls poorer prognosis isoform |
RPS24 | needed for cell proliferation | Represses exon 5 | ESRP controls poorer prognosis isoform |
TUFT1 | adaptation to hypoxia, mesenchymal stem cell function, and neuronal differentiation | Activates inclusion of exon 2 | ESRP controls poorer prognosis isoform |
DOCK7 | guanine nucleotide exchange factor | Represses inclusion of exon 23 | DOCK7 exon 23 shows more skipping in primary prostate tumours |
ARFGAP2 | ADP Ribosylation Factor GTPase Activating Protein 2 | Activates inclusion of exon 8 | ARFGAP2 exon 8 shows more inclusion in primary prostate tumours |
ENAH | cell motility and adhesion | Activates inclusion of exon 11A | ENAH exon 11 A shows more inclusion in primary prostate tumours |
FN1 | cell adhesion and maintenance of cell shape | Represses exon 25 | |
FLNB | Connects cell membrane to actin cytoskeleton | Activates inclusion of exon 30 | Exon 30 included form in primary prostate tumours correlates with better prognosis |
MAP3K7 | controls transcription and apoptosis | Activates inclusion of exon 12 | MAP3K7 genetic deletion leads to poor clinical prognosis |
This selection of regulated splice events are taken from Munkley et al. 2019 [30] to illustrate how ESRP1/ESRP2 expression levels could control aspects of prostate cancer biology.