Table 1.

summary of extracted data from all included studies

Last name of first author	Study year	Country of study	African sub-region	Mean age (years)	Sample size	Male (%)	Population studied (A/C/A+C)
Ayach et al.	2011	Morocco	North Africa	19	77	61	A + C
Ali et al.	2018	Sudan	North Africa	5.2	330	66.7	C
Aatif et al.	2012	Morocco	North Africa	40.4	171	62.7	A
Abdel-Hafiz et al.	2017	Egypt	North Africa	10.51	221	46.19	C
Abumregha et al.	2020	South Africa	Southern Africa	6.2	231	52.4	C
EL-Hassan et al.	2016	Sudan	North Africa	33.6	100	42	A
Ali et al.	2017	Sudan	North Africa	7.7	130	60	C
Faye et al.	2016	Senegal	West Africa	29.7	156	72	A
N'dah et al.	2022	Cote d'voire	West Africa	33.83	153	52.9	A
Muthui et al.	2010	Kenya	East Africa	27.2	193	53.37	A
Nadium et al.	2013	Sudan	North Africa	34.6	83	54.9	A
Okpechi et al.	2011	South Africa	Southern Africa	36.8	1284	45.2	A
Souilmi et al.	2015	Morocco	North Africa	10.05	112	51.79	C
Lemrabott et al.	2020	Senegal	West Africa	33.8	1154	53.5	A
Vester et al.	2022	Gambia	West Africa	14.9	121	58.7	A+C
Vermeulen et al.	2019	South Africa	Southern Africa	33.5	1848	50	A
Zajjari et al.	2015	Morocco	North Africa	44.82	130	66.2	A

Abbreviations: A=Adults; C=Children; AUA: asymptomatic urinary abnormalities; IHC: immunohistochemistry; IF: immunofluorescence; EM: electron microscopy; GN: glomerulonephritis