Table 5.
Coding and themes from the evaluation questionnaire (n=57) based on pilot testing of the Dolores chatbot app in a chronic pain population.
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Frequency countsa, n (%) | |||
| Theme A: frustrations | 19 (33) | |||
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Code A: Dolores’ speech | 18 (32) | ||
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Code A1: unpleasant voice | 9 (16) | |
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Code A2: speech rate too slow | 7 (12) | |
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Code A3: incorrect pronunciation of words | 2 (4) | |
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Code B: unfamiliar | 2 (4) | ||
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Code C: childlike | 1 (2) | ||
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Code D: having to type on a touch screen | 1 (2) | ||
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Code E: too assertive | 1 (2) | ||
| Theme B: refinements | 24 (42) | |||
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Code F: adjustable voice or speech settings | 8 (14) | ||
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Code G: more specific or in-depth information | 3 (5) | ||
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Code H: more questions in quiz | 2 (4) | ||
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Code I: home access or being able to use for longer | 2 (4) | ||
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Code J: able to turn off speech option for Dolores | 2 (4) | ||
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Code K: add a skip button | 1 (2) | ||
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Code L: color codes for pain severity on body map | 1 (2) | ||
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Code M: avatar for Dolores | 1 (2) | ||
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Code N: more questions in pain history | 1 (2) | ||
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Code O: more links to existing resources | 1 (2) | ||
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Code P: edit button for typed entries | 1 (2) | ||
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Code Q: improved speech to text | 1 (2) | ||
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Code R: Bluetooth keyboard | 1 (2) | ||
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Code S: easier to erase when drawing | 1 (2) | ||
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Code T: monthly tracking of progress | 1 (2) | ||
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Code U: additional games related to topics | 1 (2) | ||
| Theme C: benefits | 48 (84) | |||
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Code V: easy to use | 19 (33) | ||
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Code W: information useful | 12 (21) | ||
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Code W1: informative | 10 (18) | |
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Code W2: helpful information | 1 (2) | |
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Code W3: information had not been provided by health professionals | 1 (2) | |
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Code X: options for user to interact, including drawing | 7 (12) | ||
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Code X1: interactive | 2 (4) | |
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Code X2: multiple ways to respond | 3 (5) | |
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Code X3: being able to draw responses | 2 (4) | |
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Code X4: being able to speak to app | 1 (2) | |
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Code Y: quick or efficient | 4 (7) | ||
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Code Z: easy to open up about issues or talk to | 4 (7) | ||
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Code AA: good layout or design | 4 (7) | ||
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Code AB: good tool or generalized app | 3 (5) | ||
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Code AC: mobile or easy to access | 1 (2) | ||
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Code AD: asked questions that may not think of | 1 (2) | ||
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Code AE: real-time response or feedback | 1 (2) | ||
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Code AF: interesting quiz | 1 (2) | ||
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Code AG: lets user make mistakes | 1 (2) | ||
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Code AH: speech to text accuracy | 1 (2) | ||
aNumber of participants whose comments were coded with a particular code or theme.