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. 2023 Oct 7;9(10):e20800. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20800

Table 2.

Basic results.

Model 1 Model 2 Model 3
DF 0.031*** (3.913) 0.018*** (16.116) 0.029*** (3.646)
Size 1.225*** (10.859) 0.494*** (4.728)
ROE 0.003* (1.792) 0.001 (0.960)
Lev −0.001 (−0.170) −0.003 (−0.590)
SOE 0.015*** (9.346) 0.005 (1.624)
Tobin's Q −0.005*** (−9.171) 0.000 (0.421)
Age 0.013*** (6.287) −0.006 (−0.878)
Balance 0.006*** (5.163) −0.002 (−1.564)
Board 0.010*** (2.757) −0.001 (−0.158)
INST 0.040*** (11.900) 0.004 (1.109)
Cash −0.009*** (−3.086) 0.003 (0.985)
Constant 0.150*** (25.669) 0.086*** (8.619) 0.165*** (7.657)
Firm FE Yes No Yes
Year FE Yes No Yes
N 7964 7964 7964
R2 0.259 0.197 0.262

Note: t values in parentheses, *indicates p < 0.10, **indicates p < 0.05, ***indicates p < 0.01.