Table 5.

Symptom onset situational factors and health system factors associated with pre-hospital delay

	Prehospital delay
	No	Yes	Crude PR (95% CI)	p value	Adjusted PR (95% CI)	p value
	n (row%)	n (row%)
Location when symptoms occurred (N = 143)
Home	12 (9.9)	109 (90.1)	1
Work	0 (0)	10 (100)	1.11 (1.07–1.16)	< 0.001
In transit	1 (25)	3 (75)	0.83 (0.58–1.20)	0.329
Other	0 (0)	8 (100)	1.11 (1.07–1.16)	< 0.001
Bystander present at symptom onset (N = 143)
No	3 (12)	22 (88)	1
Yes	10 (8.5)	108 (91.5)	1.04 (0.86–1.25)	0.678
First decision taken stroke onset (N = 143)
Go to health facility	8(11.6)	61 (88.4)	1
Ask family or relative for help	3 (13)	20 (87)	0.98 (0.85–1.14)	0.828
Ask friend or neighbour to help	0(0)	12 (100)	1.13 (1.04–1.23)	0.003
Seek spiritual healing	0 (0)	10 (100)	1.13 (1.04–1.23)	0.003
Called family doctor	1(12.5)	7 (87.5)	0.99 (0.87–1.13)	0.876
Others	1 (4.8)	20 (95.2)	1.08 (0.92–1.26)	0.349
Had money at home at symptom onset (N = 143)
No	4 (5)	76 (95)	1
Yes	9 (14.3)	54 (85.7)	0.9 (0.78 -1.04)	0.149
Means of transport to tertiary hospital (N = 143)
Owned	8 (22.9)	27 (77.1)	1		1
Hired/Government ambulance	5 (4.6)	103 (95.4)	1.24 (1.12–1.37)	0.004	1.17 (1.13–1.20)	< 0.001
Came directly to tertiary Hospital (N = 143)
No	6(4.8)	119 (95.2)	1
Yes	7(38.9)	11 (61.1)	0.64 (0.50–0.82)	0.001
Level of health facility first visited (N = 125)
Private clinic	5 (10)	45 (90)	1
Private hospital	0 (0)	20 (100)	1.11 (1.07–1.15)	< 0.001
HC IV	1 (2.8)	35 (97.2)	1.08 (1.04–1.12)	< 0.001
HC III	0 (0)	9 (100)	1.11 (1.07–1.15)	< 0.001
Other	0 (0)	10 (100)	1.11 (1.07–1.15)	< 0.001

PR Prevalence ratio