Table 3.
Global pooled prevalence of AIH included in our systematic review.
| Number of studies | Number of participants | Pooled estimates (95% CI)a | 95% prediction interval | I2 (%) | P value for I2 | Egger's P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall prevalence | 26 | 217,178,684 | 15.65 (13.42–18.24) | 7.00–35.00 | 99.75 | <0.0001 | 0.030 |
| Income | |||||||
| HDI >0.92 | 21 | 213,227,973 | 19.97 (17.00–23.44) | 9.19–43.42 | 99.77 | <0.0001 | 0.12 |
| HDI <0.92 | 3 | 1,566,043 | 9.15 (6.11–13.72) | NA | 75.00 | 0.018 | 0.72 |
| Sex | |||||||
| Male | 13 | 93,583,856 | 8.05 (5.87–11.04) | 2.31–28.07 | 99.40 | <0.0001 | 0.17 |
| Female | 13 | 106,521,438 | 28.04 (21.31–36.89) | 9.04–86.99 | 99.81 | <0.0001 | 0.22 |
| Age group | |||||||
| Children | 6 | 19,443,377 | 2.04 (1.01–4.14) | 0.15–26.92 | 97.33 | <0.0001 | 0.96 |
| Adults aged under 65 years | 12 | 126,351,940 | 16.05 (13.01–19.80) | 6.50–39.62 | 99.75 | <0.0001 | 0.11 |
| Adults aged over 65 years | 5 | 35,575,631 | 44.05 (33.65–57.67) | 12.59–154.13 | 99.48 | <0.0001 | 0.72 |
| Geographical areas | |||||||
| North America | 4 | 125,734,165 | 29.57 (27.84–31.40) | 22.57–38.74 | 97.91 | <0.0001 | 0.36 |
| Europe | 14 | 36,666,398 | 16.56 (13.31–20.61) | 6.72–40.82 | 98.90 | <0.0001 | 0.25 |
| Asia | 5 | 52,217,383 | 8.06 (3.39–19.16) | NA | 99.66 | <0.0001 | 0.58 |
| Oceania | 2 | 1,094,070 | 26.22 (23.32–29.47) | NA | 0.00 | 0.34 | NA |
| Geographic latitude | |||||||
| Above 45° | 17 | 161,554,992 | 23.09 (21.33–25.00) | 16.64–32.05 | 98.86 | <0.0001 | 0.053 |
| Below 45° | 7 | 53,236,251 | 10.19 (4.99–20.79) | 0.75–139.18 | 99.20 | <0.0001 | 0.15 |
| Diagnostic scoring system for AIHa | |||||||
| Before IAIHG | 1 | 212,500 | 8.00 (4.97–12.87) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Original IAIHG | 2 | 697,685 | 8.45 (2.17–32.87) | NA | 95.46 | 0.0010 | NA |
| Revised IAIHG | 7 | 9,361,665 | 16.57 (12.63–21.75) | 6.46–42.50 | 95.00 | <0.0001 | 0.48 |
| Simplified IAIHG | 3 | 1,385,031 | 27.43 (10.46–71.92) | NA | 98.08 | <0.0001 | 0.33 |
| Data source | |||||||
| Researcher validated | 14 | 6,774,799 | 15.53 (12.94–18.64) | 7.55–31.96 | 94.90 | <0.0001 | 0.24 |
| Code-based | 9 | 201,738,235 | 20.55 (16.21–26.06) | 8.33–50.67 | 99.90 | <0.0001 | 0.21 |
| Type | |||||||
| Type I AIH | 7 | 6,346,713 | 11.00 (6.74–17.95) | 1.89–64.13 | 98.00 | <0.0001 | 0.40 |
| Type II AIH | 3 | 12,791,557 | 0.43 (0.33–0.56) | 0.08–2.38 | 0.00 | 0.61 | 0.74 |
| Seronegative AIH | 2 | 1,130,950 | 1.44 (0.11–19.25) | NA | 92.49 | <0.0001 | NA |
| Overlap syndrome | |||||||
| AIH-PBC | 4 | 8,669,763 | 1.22 (1.01–1.48) | 0.80–1.86 | 0.00 | 0.66 | 0.87 |
| AIH-PSC | 3 | 8,555,544 | 0.46 (0.23–0.91) | NA | 71.35 | 0.03 | 0.92 |
| Score | |||||||
| Definite AIH | 6 | 10,704,115 | 8.30 (4.87–14.13) | 1.19–58.04 | 98.04 | <0.0001 | 0.90 |
| Probable and definite AIH | 6 | 10,704,115 | 11.64 (7.28–18.62) | 2.07–65.39 | 98.28 | <0.0001 | 0.70 |
AIH, autoimmune hepatitis; HDI, human development index; IAIHG, international autoimmune hepatitis group; PBC, primary biliary cholangitis; PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis; NA, not available.
a
These results were calculated and estimated using original data.