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. 2023 Oct 14;9(10):e20974. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20974

Table 1.

Definitions of variables.

Name Symbols Measurements
Dependent Variable
Company reputation Reputation Combined value of the factors obtained from the company reputation evaluation system
Independent Variable
ESG performance ESG Scores from Hua Zheng ESG system, with values assigned based on ratings
Control Variables
Company aggregation Clustering Industry Herfindahl Index
Free cash flow per share Cashflow (Net profit + non-cash expenses - dividends and capital expenditure)/Total number of shares in issue
P/E ratio PE Share price per share/Net income per share * 100 %
Dividend payment rate Dividend Dividend per share/share price per share * 100 %
Asset structure Structure Intangible assets/total assets
Company value multiplier Multipliers Total market value/income before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization*100 %
Mediated (threshold) Variable
Investor attention Attention Sum of Baidu search results add 1 then take the logarithm