| Smooth B. abortus S19 |
Efficacy in control/eradication programs has been demonstrated (USA, EU countries, and Australia). It provides superior protection for cattle against B. abortus and B. melitensis A single dose provides effective protection for the rest of life.
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When used in pregnant cattle, depending on the dose and immunization route, it can cause abortion. It is not safe in bulls when used subcutaneously (unknown safety when applied by the conjunctival route). Serological interference with (RBT, CFT), iELISA and cELISA, fluorescence polarization assay, and other S-LPS tests. It exhibits substantial human virulence
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When young animals are given lower doses, serological interference is reduced (particularly by the conjunctival route) Conventional serological testing can be used to diagnose human infections, and standard antibiotic treatment can be used to treat them.
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B. melitensis Rev. 1 |
Efficacy in control/eradication programs has been demonstrated (France, Italy). Both B. melitensis and B. ovis are susceptible to it. Males and young replacements are safe. A single dose provides effective protection for the rest of life.
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Abortion is at a high level. Serological interference with RBT, CFT, indirect and competitive ELISA, fluorescence polarization assay, and other S-LPS tests. It exhibits substantial human virulence, and it is resistant to streptomycin.
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By avoiding the vaccination of pregnant animals via the conjunctival route, safety concerns are reduced. When given to young animals via the conjunctival route, serological interference is reduced. Standard serological tests can be used to diagnose human infections; however, treatment strategies that do not use streptomycin are required.
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| Rough B. abortus RB51 |
When young animals are given lower doses, serological interference is reduced (particularly by the conjunctival route). Conventional serological testing can be used to diagnose human infections, and standard antibiotic treatment can be used to treat them.
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It causes fewer abortions in cattle compared to the S19 vaccine. Inducing protective immunity is less successful than S19 (efficacy or revaccination unknown) The protection duration is unknown. Cattle protection against B. melitensis is unclear. Indirect and competitive ELISAs, as well as fluorescence polarization assays, are all affected by serological interference. It is resistant to rifampicin.
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It is currently licensed in non-pregnant female cattle (4–12) months. There is no evidence of eradication efficacy. There are no adequate serological diagnostic tests for human infections, and therapy needs non-rifampicin regimens. It has been documented to cause human disease, most commonly through occupational exposures such as needle sticks.
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