. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2023 Sep 16;578:112070. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.112070

Table 2.

Pyrethroid detection methods and analysis in observational studies.

Study	Pesticide(s)	Detection method	Detection or Use rate^* (%)		Variable analysis (presence/absence, continuous)	Mixtures analysis ?
Chevrier et al. (2019)	Metabolites (3-PBA, 4-F-3-PBA, cis-DCCA and trans-DCCA, cis-DBCA)	Gas chromatography –mass spectrometry	3-PBA	100	Continuous	No
			4-F-3-PBA	-
			cis-DCCA	100
			trans-DCCA	100
			cis-DBCA	100
Matsuki et al. (2020)	Pyrethroids (unspecified)	Self-reported exposures	Any use	18.65	-	-
Schmid t et al. (2016)	Pyrethroids (unspecified)	Self-reported exposures	Lawn/garden use	27.3	-	-
Schmid t et al. (2016)	Pyrethroids (unspecified)	Self-reported exposures	Pet use	34.1	-	-
Zhang et al. (2014)	Metabolites (3-PBA)	High performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry	3-PBA	98.7	Continuous	No

Detection rates are provided for studies examining metabolite biomarkers, and use rates for studys reporting self-reported exposures.