Table 2.
Associations of demographic factors and smoking history with CT emphysema subtypes in the MESA Lung Study.
| N=2949 | Combined Bronchitis- Apical Emphysema ß (95% CI) | Diffuse Emphysema ß (95% CI) | Senile Emphysema ß (95% CI) | Restrictive CPFE ß (95% CI) | Obstructive CPFE ß (95% CI) | Vanishing Lung Emphysema ß (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Age, years | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) | 1.2 (0.9, 1.5) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.7) | 0.1 (0.05, 0.24) | 0.05 (−0.1, 0.2) | 0.02 (−0.003, 0.03) |
| Model 1 | 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) | 0.8 (0.5, 1.0) | 0.4 (0.2, 0.6) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 0.001 (−0.01, 0.03) |
| Model 2 | 0.002 (−0.1, 0.1) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.0) | 0.3 (0.1, 0.5) | 0.1 (0.05, 0.2) | 0.2 (0.02, 0.3) | −0.001 (−0.01, 0.01) |
| Sex, Male | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 0.6 (0.3, 0.8) | 38 (33, 44) | 7.6 (3.9, 11) | −7.0 (−8.7, −5.2) | −23 (−25, −20) | 0.6 (0.2, 0.9) |
| Model 1 | 3.0 (0.6, 5.5) | 31.7 (26.5, 36.9) | 3.7 (−0.04, 7.5) | −8.1 (−9.8, −6.3) | −22.9 (−25.6, −20.2) | 0.4 (0.2, 0.7) |
| Model 2 | 0.03 (−1.6, 1.6) | 21.2 (16.1, 26.4) | 3.6 (−0.3, 7.6) | −3.4 (−5.0, −1.8) | −16.4 (−19.0, −13.7) | 0.2 (−0.03, 0.5) |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||||
| Black | ||||||
| Unadjusted | −0.1 (−3.3, 3.0) | −35 (−42, −28) | −5.9 (−11, −1.2) | 7.5 (5.3, 9.7) | 12 (8.9, 16) | 0.5 (0.04, 0.9) |
| Model 1 | 3.0 (−0.04, 6.1) | −20.5 (−27.0, −13.9) | −0.8 (−5.5, 3.9) | 5.9 (3.8, 8.1) | 8.1 (4.8, 11.5) | 0.7 (0.3, 1.1) |
| Model 2 | −0.2 (−2.1, 1.8) | −16.3 (−22.5, −10.2) | 0.2 (−4.4, 4.9) | 3.4 (1.4, 5.3) | 3.8 (0.6, 6.9) | 0.3 (0.004, 0.6) |
| Hispanic | ||||||
| Unadjusted | −5.9 (−9.3, −2.6) | −39 (−47, −32) | −12 (−17, −7) | 5.0 (2.7, 7.4) | 13 (9.2, 17) | −0.27 (−0.72, 0.18) |
| Model 1 | −1.3 (−4.6, 2.0) | −27.1 (−34.0, −20.1) | −6.6 (−12, −1.6) | 5.5 (3.2, 7.8) | 11.5 (7.9, 15.1) | 0.1 (−0.4, 0.6) |
| Model 2 | −0.2 (−2.3, 1.8) | −20.1 (−26.7, −13.5) | −5.5 (−10.5, −0.5) | 2.8 (0.7, 4.9) | 7.0 (3.6, 10.4) | 0.03 (−0.3, 0.3) |
| Asian | ||||||
| Unadjusted | −1.2 (−5.2, 2.7) | −6.1 (−15, 2.7) | 3.8 (−2.1, 9.8) | 1.6 (−1.2, 4.4) | 9.5 (5.0, 14) | 0.1 (−0.5, 0.1) |
| Model 1 | −0.9 (−5.0, 3.2) | −24.2 (−32.9, −15.5) | 0.3 (−6.0, 6.6) | 8.6 (5.7, 11.4) | 20.7 (16.2, 25.2) | 0.04 (−0.5, 0.6) |
| Model 2 | −1.0 (−3.5, 1.6) | −14.9 (−23.1, −6.6) | 0.4 (−5.8, 6.7) | 4.2 (1.6, 6.8) | 14.4 (10.2, 18.6) | 0.04 (−0.3, 0.4) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | ||||||
| Unadjusted | −0.6 (−0.9, −0.4) | −3.7 (−4.2, −3.2) | −1.3 (−1.7, −1.0) | 0.6 (0.5, 0.8) | 1.5 (1.3, 1.8) | −0.04 (−0.1, −0.01) |
| Model 1 | −0.6 (−0.9, −0.4) | −3.1 (−3.6, −2.6) | −1.1 (−1.5, −0.8) | 0.6 (0.4, 0.8) | 1.5 (1.3, 1.8) | −0.05 (−0.1, −0.02) |
| Model 2 | −0.2 (−0.3, −0.03) | −2.0 (−2.5, −1.5) | −0.9 (−1.3, −0.6) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.5) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.3) | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.02) |
| Smoking, pack-years | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 0.4 (0.3, 0.4) | 0.4 (0.3, 0.5) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.3) | 0.2 (0.17, 0.25) | 0.1 (0.1, 0.02) | 0.03 (0.02, 0.04) |
| Model 1 | 0.4 (0.3, 0.4) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) | 0.2 (0.2, 0.3) | 0.02 (0.1, 0.3) | 0.03 (0.02, 0.04) |
| Model 2 | 0.1 (0.1, 0.2) | 0.1 (−0.03, 0.2) | 0.1 (−0.01, 0.2) | 0.1 (0.06, 0.14) | 0.1 (0.05, 0.2) | −0.01 (−0.01, 0.001) |
Abbreviations: CPFE=combined pulmonary fibrosis/emphysema.
Results were obtained from linear regression models with the CT emphysema subtype as the dependent variable. ß estimates show the difference in CT emphysema subtype per unit of the demographic factors and packyears (1/0 for categorical variables).
Model 1 was adjusted for the variables in the table plus smoking status and scanner manufacturer.
Model 2 additionally adjusted for other CT emphysema subtypes.