Table 2.
Association of antenatal depression with infant growth and development outcomes
| Outcomes | Multivariable* associations for maternal depression defined by Tanzanian adapted HSCL-8 cut-off |
Sensitivity analysis* - multivariable associations for maternal depression defined by standard HSCL-25 cut-off |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean difference or Relative risk (CI) | z# | p-value | Mean difference or Relative risk (CI) | z# | p-value | |
|
| ||||||
| Anthropometric growth outcomes | ||||||
| Mean difference LAZ | 0.03 (−0.06–0.23) | 1.14 | 0.25 | −0.04 (−0.23–0.15) | −0.42 | 0.67 |
| Relative risk stunting (LAZ < -2) | 0.92 (0.83–1.02) | −1.54 | 0.12 | 1.06 (0.91–1.24) | 0.78 | 0.44 |
| Mean difference WAZ | −0.003 (−0.13–0.13) | −0.05 | 0.96 | −0.07 (−0.24–0.10) | −0.80 | 0.43 |
| Relative risk underweight (WAZ < -2) | 0.80 (0.56–1.16) | −1.17 | 0.25 | 0.63 (0.35–1.14) | −1.54 | 0.13 |
| Mean difference WLZ | −0.01 (−0.16–0.14) | −0.12 | 0.90 | −0.03 (−0.23–0.16) | −0.36 | 0.72 |
| Relative risk wasting (WLZ < -2) | 2.61 (1.03–6.65) | 2.02 | 0.04 | 1.79 (0.80–3.98) | 1.42 | 0.16 |
| CREDI developmental domain outcomes | ||||||
| Cognitive | −0.04 (−0.18–0.09) | −0.59 | 0.55 | −0.09 (−0.28–0.09) | −1.01 | 0.31 |
| Language | −0.04 (−0.20–0.11) | −0.56 | 0.58 | −0.06 (−0.27–0.15) | −0.57 | 0.57 |
| Motor | −0.04 (−0.17–0.08) | −0.70 | 0.49 | −0.07 (−0.24–0.10) | −0.78 | 0.44 |
| Overall | −0.05 (−0.19–0.08) | −0.78 | 0.43 | −0.06 (−0.24–0.12) | −0.65 | 0.51 |
*
Adjusted for: maternal age, maternal education, household wealth quintile, marital status, maternal employment status, parity, maternal CD4 category, maternal WHO HIV disease stage, taking ART, trial site, child sex, child age, child twin status, and randomized regimen
#
Mean z-score in SD units