Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2023 Aug 22;152(4):819–826. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.07.018

Figure 1. Antiviral immune response.

Figure 1.

Virus binds to sinonasal airway epithelial cells (1), and replicates within the cell. This triggers antiviral interferon responses (2) and cytokine induction that rapidly increases and can transiently induce loss of epithelial barrier function to allow for cell-mediated viral killing (3). These host immune responses than resolve to a homeostatic baseline (4).