Table 1:
Distribution of demographic factors for ECHO-wide Cohort Study participants, by exposure status.
| Characteristic | Overall (N=15,342) |
Exposed (N=794) |
Unexposed (N=14,548) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age at birth | 30.25 (5.54) | 30.24 (5.94) | 30.25 (5.52) |
| Missing | 97 | 1 | 96 |
| Year of birth | 2014 (3.72) | 2014 (4.35) | 2014 (3.68) |
| Infant sex | |||
| Male | 7,968 (51.94%) | 421 (53.02%) | 7,547 (51.88%) |
| Female | 7,374 (48.06%) | 373 (46.98%) | 7,001 (48.12%) |
| Maternal race | |||
| White | 9,990 (68.15%) | 580 (74.74%) | 9,410 (67.79%) |
| Black | 2,257 (15.40%) | 67 (8.63%) | 2,190 (15.78%) |
| Other | 2,411 (16.45%) | 129 (16.62%) | 2,282 (16.44%) |
| Missing | 684 | 18 | 666 |
| Maternal ethnicity | |||
| Hispanic | 2,700 (18.05%) | 387 (49.24%) | 2,313 (16.32%) |
| non-Hispanic | 12,256 (81.95%) | 399 (50.76%) | 11,857 (83.68%) |
| Missing | 386 | 8 | 378 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI | |||
| Underweight | 364 (2.79%) | 19 (2.56%) | 345 (2.81%) |
| Normal weight | 5,933 (45.54%) | 276 (37.25%) | 5,657 (46.04%) |
| Overweight | 3,254 (24.98%) | 214 (28.88%) | 3,040 (24.74%) |
| Obese | 3,477 (26.69%) | 232 (31.31%) | 3,245 (26.41%) |
| Missing | 2,314 | 53 | 2,261 |
| Any tobacco or nicotine use | 1,176 (8.98%) | 31 (4.43%) | 1,145 (9.24%) |
| Missing | 2,250 | 94 | 2,156 |
| Maternal education | |||
| Less than high school | 839 (8.33%) | 106 (19.27%) | 733 (7.70%) |
| High school or equivalent | 1,730 (17.18%) | 123 (22.36%) | 1,607 (16.89%) |
| Some college; Trade school | 2,341 (23.25%) | 175 (31.82%) | 2,166 (22.76%) |
| Bachelor's | 2,723 (27.05%) | 82 (14.91%) | 2,641 (27.75%) |
| Master's or above | 2,434 (24.18%) | 64 (11.64%) | 2,370 (24.90%) |
| Missing | 5,275 | 244 | 5,031 |
| Gestational diabetes | 1,053 (8.77%) | 128 (18.10%) | 925 (8.19%) |
| Missing | 3,337 | 87 | 3,250 |
| Hypertensive disorder | 1,824 (12.89%) | 109 (15.08%) | 1,715 (12.77%) |
| Missing | 1,193 | 71 | 1,122 |
Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index.