Table 3.
Overall | 1 to 5 years | >5 years | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rural N = 2,359 | Urban N = 11,748 | Rural N = 2,359 | Urban N = 11,748 | Rural N = 1,386 | Urban N = 7,145 | |||||||||||||
No. | (%) | No. | (%) | HR b | (99%CI) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | HR b | (99%CI) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | HR b | (99%CI) | |
Anemia | 444 | (24.1) | 1,916 | (26.8) | 0.93 | (0.80, 1.07) | 256 | (13.9) | 1,063 | (14.9) | 0.94 | (0.78, 1.14) | 195 | (19.5) | 666 | (21.9) | 0.91 | (0.73, 1.15) |
Anxiety disorders | 399 | (21.5) | 1,552 | (20.8) | 1.12 | (0.95, 1.31) | 227 | (12.2) | 782 | (10.5) | 1.18 | (0.97, 1.45) | 172 | (15.3) | 812 | (20.8) | 1.02 | (0.80, 1.29) |
Atrial fibrillation and flutter | 245 | (11.1) | 1,010 | (9.8) | 1.10 | (0.90, 1.34) | 97 | (4.4) | 445 | (4.3) | 0.96 | (0.71, 1.29) | 156 | (15.0) | 463 | (28.0) | 1.20 | (0.93, 1.57) |
Cataracts | 333 | (16.0) | 1,972 | (21.8) | 0.66 | (0.56, 0.78) | 165 | (7.9) | 949 | (10.5) | 0.67 | (0.54, 0.85) | 149 | (15.0) | 521 | (18.2) | 0.63 | (0.50, 0.80) |
Depression, bipolar, other mood disorders | 373 | (20.6) | 1,501 | (21.8) | 0.96 | (0.82, 1.13) | 230 | (12.7) | 844 | (12.3) | 1.01 | (0.81, 1.25) | 161 | (13.0) | 504 | (10.8) | 0.84 | (0.65, 1.09) |
Diabetes | 258 | (13.1) | 1,075 | (13.0) | 1.05 | (0.87, 1.28) | 142 | (7.2) | 561 | (6.8) | 1.10 | (0.85, 1.42) | 215 | (26.5) | 616 | (28.5) | 0.98 | (0.75, 1.30) |
Hearing impairments | 119 | (7.7) | 839 | (5.2) | 0.68 | (0.52, 0.90) | 58 | (2.5) | 364 | (3.3) | 0.77 | (0.53, 1.12) | 198 | (15.9) | 767 | (16.6) | 0.62 | (0.43, 0.91) |
Heart failure and non-ischemic heart disease | 311 | (14.6) | 1,156 | (11.6) | 1.27 | (1.06, 1.53) | 159 | (7.4) | 560 | (5.6) | 1.39 | (1.02, 1.65) | 181 | (30.1) | 441 | (27.1) | 1.23 | (0.95, 1.59) |
Hip or pelvic fracture | 125 | (5.4) | 553 | (4.9) | 1.18 | (0.89, 1.57) | 63 | (2.7) | 277 | (2.4) | 1.15 | (0.79, 1.68) | 63 | (4.7) | 202 | (3.8) | 1.28 | (0.95, 1.93) |
Hyperlipidemia | 391 | (25.2) | 1,645 | (29.6) | 0.81 | (0.69, 0.96) | 198 | (12.7) | 860 | (15.5) | 0.78 | (0.63, 0.97) | 138 | (11.5) | 494 | (11.4) | 0.90 | (0.71, 1.13) |
Hypertension | 375 | (31.7) | 1,171 | (29.6) | 1.03 | (0.87, 1.23) | 193 | (16.3) | 595 | (15.0) | 1.02 | (0.81, 1.28) | 168 | (15.0) | 612 | (16.5) | 1.07 | (0.82, 1.38) |
Hypothyroidism | 293 | (16.2) | 1,088 | (15.8) | 1.06 | (0.88, 1.28) | 162 | (9.0) | 623 | (9.1) | 1.03 | (0.81, 1.30) | 144 | (14.8) | 368 | (12.7) | 1.12 | (0.84, 1.48) |
Ischemic heart disease | 254 | (12.1) | 1,173 | (12.4) | 0.95 | (0.78, 1.15) | 121 | (5.8) | 568 | (6.0) | 0.91 | (0.70, 1.20) | 98 | (7.6) | 382 | (7.7) | 1.01 | (0.77, 1.32) |
Osteoporosis | 355 | (17.0) | 1,773 | (19.4) | 0.85 | (0.72, 1.00) | 198 | (9.5) | 991 | (10.9) | 0.84 | (0.69, 1.04) | 185 | (17.5) | 596 | (18.0) | 0.89 | (0.69, 1.13) |
Stroke or transient ischemic attack | 188 | (8.4) | 880 | (8.3) | 0.98 | (0.78, 1.22) | 93 | (4.1) | 417 | (3.9) | 1.02 | (0.76, 1.39) | 63 | (4.8) | 368 | (7.4) | 0.93 | (0.68, 1.27) |
Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.
The number and percent for each outcome excluded prevalent cases. Urban breast cancer survivors were matched to rural breast cancer survivors on cancer diagnosis year and age at cancer diagnosis.
Models were adjusted for the matching factors, race, and ethnicity.
Flexible model was used where the proportional hazards assumption was violated for 1 to 5 years for Depression, bipolar, and other mood disorders (HR = 1.00, 99%CI 0.83, 1.21); for >5 years for Hyperlipidemia (HR = 0.87, 99%CI 0.72, 1.06), Stroke or transient ischemic attack (HR = 1.03, 99%CI 0.77, 1.37), and Anxiety disorders (HR = 0.99, 99%CI 0.81, 1.22).