Table 2.
Prevalence and adjusted odds of engagement in sun protective and sun risk behaviors.
| Outcomes, N(%)1 | Non-WSW | WSW2 | P-Value4 | Heterosexual Women | SMW3 | P-Value4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=8,026 | N=773 | N=6,378 | N=510 | ||||
| Sunscreen 5 | Infrequent | 3,960 (67) | 478 (72) | 0.016 | 3,909 (67) | 332 (75) | 0.001 |
| Frequent | 1,918 (33) | 186 (28) | 1,937 (33) | 113 (25) | |||
| aOR (95% CI)6 | Reference | 0.90 (0.74–1.09) | 0.286 | Reference | 0.77 (0.61–0.99) | 0.038 | |
| Long Sleeves 5 | Infrequent | 5,280 (90) | 620 (93) | 0.003 | 5,295 (91) | 409 (92) | 0.345 |
| Frequent | 599 (10) | 44 (7) | 552 (9) | 36 (8) | |||
| aOR (95% CI)6 | Reference | 0.80 (0.57–1.12) | 0.190 | Reference | 0.94 (0.64–1.38) | 0.752 | |
| Seeking Shade 5 | Infrequent | 3,331 (56) | 414 (62) | 0.007 | 3,333 (56) | 269 (60) | 0.203 |
| Frequent | 2,612 (44) | 259 (38) | 2,573 (44) | 183 (40) | |||
| aOR (95% CI)6 | Reference | 0.89 (0.75–1.06) | 0.207 | Reference | 0.95 (0.77–1.17) | 0.646 | |
| Sunburn in Past 12 Months | No | 3,784 (64) | 390 (58) | 0.003 | 3,706 (63) | 263 (58) | 0.055 |
| Yes | 2,147 (36) | 283 (42) | 2,190 (37) | 188 (42) | |||
| aOR (95% CI)6 | Reference | 1.10 (0.90–1.33) | 0.352 | Reference | 1.09 (0.86–1.38) | 0.471 | |
| Time Spent Outdoors (Workday) | Less than 1 hour | 3,079 (62) | 285 (52) | <0.001 | 3,036 (61) | 199 (52) | <0.001 |
| Between 1–2 hours | 1,328 (27) | 165 (30) | 1,354 (27) | 98 (26) | |||
| At Least 3 hours | 581 (12) | 103 (19) | 572 (12) | 86 (22) | |||
| aOR (95% CI)6,7 | Reference | 1.56 (1.22–1.99) | <0.001 | Reference | 1.95 (1.49–2.55) | <0.001 | |
| Minutes, mean (95% CI) | 59.1 (56.5–61.7) | 82.4 (73.0–91.9) | <0.001 | 59.1 (56.5–61.6) | 88.2 (76.0–100) | <0.001 | |
| Time Spent Outdoors (Non-Workday) | Less than 1 hour | 1,755 (30) | 167 (25) | <0.001 | 1,700 (29) | 115 (26) | <0.001 |
| Between 1–2 hours | 2,387 (40) | 234 (35) | 2,374 (40) | 158 (35) | |||
| At Least 3 hours | 1,768 (30) | 266 (40) | 1,796 (31) | 178 (39) | |||
| aOR (95% CI)6,7 | Reference | 1.41 (1.18–1.67) | <0.001 | Reference | 1.38 (1.12–1.69) | 0.002 | |
| Minutes, mean (95% CI) | 118 (115–121) | 144 (134–153) | <0.001 | 120 (117–123) | 145 (133–156) | <0.001 | |
Abbreviations: WSW, women who have sex with women; SMW, sexual minority women; aOR, adjusted prevalence odds ratio; CI, confidence interval
Complete case analysis of 8,799 women who participated in the NHANES sexual behavior questionnaire excluded up to 2,186 (24.8%) who did not have dermatology outcomes.
Respondents who answered “yes” to the NHANES Sexual Behavior Interview question “Have you ever had any kind of sex with a woman? By sex, we mean sexual contact with another woman’s vagina or genitals” were considered women who have sex with women.”
Respondents who responded “lesbian or gay”, bisexual,” or “something else” to the NHANES Sexual Behavior Interview question “Which of the following best represents how you think of yourself?” were considered sexual minority women. Those who answered “Straight, that is not lesbian or gay” were considered heterosexual women. Those who responded “I don’t know the answer” or “Not sure” were excluded from analysis.
All presented data met NHANES reliability threshold including subgroup sample size of at least 30 and relative confidence interval width (<130%). Sensitivity analyses for sun protective behaviors for SMW and WSW as a single group was conducted, with overlapping confidence intervals with the primary analysis. Therefore, we presented the more detailed analysis.
SPBs were assessed by the questions: When you go outside on a very sunny day, for more than one hour, how often do you: (1) Stay in the shade? (2) Wear a long-sleeved shirt? (3) Use sunscreen? Responses of “always” or “most of the time” use were considered frequent, while “sometimes,” “rarely,” or “never” were considered infrequent.
Multivariable logistic regression models were adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, relationship status, education, household income, and sun reactivity.
Adjusted odds of spending at least 3 hours in outdoor sun exposure.