Table 4.
Non-inferiority Analyses of Sleep Outcomes (ABC-I =74, CBT-I = 75)
| Outcome | Non-Inferiority Marginc (NIM) | Change Baseline to Immediate Post-Treatment | Change Baseline to 3-months post-treatment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Difference in Difference (DiD): Mean (90% CI) | One sided-test of non-inferiority (z, p-value) | Difference in Difference (DiD): Mean (90% CI) | One sided-test of non-inferiority (z, p-value) | |||
| Insomnia Severity Index (ISI)a | 1.98 | 0.50 (−0.98, 1.98) | z = −1.64, p = 0.050 | −0.57 (−2.32, 1.17) | z = −2.41, p = 0.008 | |
| Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), total scorea | 1.48 | 0.90 (−0.15, 1.94) | z = −0.92, p = 0.180 | −0.27 (−1.47, 0.93) | z = −2.40, p = 0.008 | |
| Sleep efficiency (SE) diary, %b | −5.27 | 0.41 (−2.92, 3.74) | z = 2.81, p = 0.002 | 0.76 (−2.72, 4.24) | z = 2.85, p = 0.002 | |
| Sleep efficiency (SE) actigraphy, %b | −3.27 | 0.68 (−1.21, 2.57) | z = 3.43,p < 0.001 | 1.11 (−1.14, 3.36) | z = 3.20, p = 0.001 | |
a
Notes: Higher values reflect worse sleep; non-inferiority test is left-sided;
b
Higher values reflect better sleep; non-inferiority test is right-sided. See Supplementary Methods and Table S3 for information on selection of non-inferiority margins. CBT-I: Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia; ABC-I Acceptance and the behavioral changes to treat insomnia.