Figure 1. Imaging setup and raw data images and signals.

(A) Schematic of wide-field optical mapping (WFOM) system. The mouse is positioned on a freely moving horizontal wheel with dual-camera behavioral monitoring. Inset shows a head-fixation plate surrounding the thinned-skull cranial window.

(B) WFOM camera field of view showing raw jRGECO1a image. (a, anterior; p, posterior).

(C) Behavior camera 1 captures the face, mouth, pupil, and forepaws. Camera 2 captures the side and underside of the mouse via an angled mirror.

(D) Top, neural (Δ% fluorescence change after hemodynamic correction) and bottom, total hemoglobin $(\text{ΔHbT})$ images corresponding to specific events listed (frame times for each event are indicated by color-coded [neural] and black [hemodynamic] solid vertical lines in [E], with subtracted prior reference frames shown as dashed lines). See Figure S2 for cortical atlas.

(E) Neural and hemodynamic time courses extracted from mouth (m), forepaw (fp), and visual (v) ROIs indicated in (B). Bottom plot shows simultaneously recorded pupil diameter, whisking and locomotion, including a period of grooming. Hindpaw regions show strong activity during locomotion, while hindpaw and mouth regions respond during grooming. Visual cortex shows strong but less sustained activity for both events. Small startle responses can also be seen. The coupling between neural activity and hemodynamics, increasing $\text{HbT}$ and $\text{HbO}$ and decreasing $\text{HbR}$, can be clearly observed for small and large events. See also Figure S1 and Videos S1 and S2.