Extended Data Fig. 3 |. Nociceptors regulate meningeal immunity against bacterial infection.

a, Representative flow cytometry plots and quantification of total leukocytes (CD45⁺ gate), neutrophils (CD11b⁺Ly6G⁺ gates), and monocytes (CD11b⁺Ly6G⁻Ly6C^hi gates) in the meninges at baseline and different time points after injection of S. pneumoniae (n = 4/group). b, Representative flow cytometry plots and quantification of total leukocytes (CD45⁺ gate), monocytes (CD11b⁺Ly6G⁻Ly6C^hi gates), B cells (CD11b⁻CD19⁺ gates), and T cells (CD11b⁻CD3⁺) in the meninges of Nav1.8-DTA mice or control littermates 24 h after S. pneumoniae injection (n = 5/group). c, Flow cytometric quantification of myeloid and lymphoid immune cells in the blood and spleen of Nav1.8-DTA mice and littermate controls (n = 4/group). d, Quantification of immune cells in the meninges from Nav1.8-DTA mice and wt controls by flow cytometry (n = 5/group for monocytes, B cells, and T cells; n = 6/group for macrophages, neutrophils, and DCs). Statistical analysis: (a) One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-tests. (b, c, d) Unpaired two-sided t-tests. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. n = biologically independent samples from mouse tissues. Each experiment was performed at least twice, and results presented are representative of 2 or more replicates. ns = not significant. Box plots = median, IQR, min/max. Exact p-values in Supplementary Table 1.